eukaryotic and prokaryotic microorganisms Flashcards
Which is the most abundant group of organisms on Earth?
The unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms
Which are the characteristics of prokaryotic microorganisms?
-No nucleus or organells
-Cell wall
-Small-sized
-Particular shapes
-Appendages
How are called the bacteria that consume oxygen during cellular respiration?
They are called aerobes.
How are called the archaea and some bacteria that extract energy from their food?
They are called anaerobes.
How are called the bacteria and archaea that cannot survive without oxygen?
They are called obligate anaerobes.
How do prokaryotic microorganisms reproduce?
They reproduce asexually through binnary fission and some of them can produce endospores.
What is bacterial conjugation?
It’s a mechanism to exchange strands of genetic material with other prokaryotes.
What key roles do prokaryotic microorganisms play in the biosphere?
-Evolutionary
-Ecological
-Geological
-Symbiotic
Which are the main applications of prokaryotes in our lifes?
-Food production
-Bioremedation
-Production of drugs(medicine)
-Biofuel production
-Minning
-Biochimestry
Which are the main characteristis of eukaryotic microorganisms?
-Genetic material is inside the nucleus
-They have organells in their cytoplasm
-Some of them have appendages and chloroplasts
-They are usually bigger than prokaryotes(5-150 microm.)
Which are the characteristics of Protozoa and Algae?
They belong to the kingdom of protists, their cells are widely diverse and have chloroplasts.
Which are the characteristics of Yeasts?
They belong to the fungi’s kingdom, their cell wall is made up of chitin and they don’t have appendages or chloroplasts.
How protozoa, yeasts and algae get energy?
Through cellular respiration.
How do eukaryotes reproduce?
They reproduce sexually or asexually through:
-Binnary fission
-Budding
-Multiple fission
Eukaryotes play a key role in biosphere because they are:
-Evolutionary
-Ecological
