Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells

Question 1

What do eukaryotic cells contain

Answer 1

They contain membrane-bound organelles.

DNA is found in the nucleus. They have
-mitochondria,
-ribosomes,
-cell membranes,
-cytoplasm
(and vacuole, cell wall, chloroplast if they are a plant cell).

Question 2

What do prokaryotic cells contain

Answer 2

They do not contain membrane-bound organelles such as nucleus, mitochondria, etc

-cytoplasm (for respiration)
-plasmids/dna loops
-cell membrane
-cell wall

Question 3

Differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Answer 3

Eukaryotic cells respire using the mitochondria, prokaryotic cells respire using cytoplasm.

Eukaryotic cells are 10-100 micrometers.
Prokaryotic cells are 1-10 micrometers.

Eukaryotic cells have genetic material in the nucleus, prokaryotic cells have it in free loops or plasmids.

Eukaryotic cells =plant/animal cells
Prokaryotic cells =bacterial cells

Question 4

State function of these organelles:

• Nucleus
• Cytoplasm
• Mitochondria
• Ribosomes
• Chloroplast
• Cell membrane
• Cell wall

Answer 4

The nucleus contains genetic material and controls the activities of the cell.

Cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance responsible for chemical reactions

Mitochondria is responsible for aerobic respiration to release energy

Ribosomes responsible for protein synthesis

Chloroplast contains green pigment called chlorophyll for photosynthesis

Cell membrane decides what enters and leaves the cell

Cell wall is a rigid structure to provide strength and support to the cell (holds shape)

Question 5

What are the organelles in a plant cell?

Answer 5

Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Cell membrane
Cell wall

Question 6

What are the organelles in an animal cell?

Answer 6

Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane