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Control Of Gene Expression > Euk Promoters And PIC > Flashcards

Euk Promoters And PIC Flashcards

1
Q

What is the core basal promoter

A

It’s the area around start site for example Tata box and inr (initiator)

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2
Q

Where is tata box and initiator on the basal promoter

A

-30 - -25)

+2-4

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3
Q

Do all promoters have a tata box

A

No

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4
Q

What bases are in the inr

A

Pyrimidine c and t

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5
Q

What is the element called + 30 from the start site

A

Downstream promoter element dpe

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6
Q

Which element of the basal promoter is recognised by tf 2 B

A

BRE (-37)

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7
Q

What makes up the regulatory region

A

UAS/ URS

Enhancers or silencers

(Upstream activator/repressor sequences)

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8
Q

What is the UAS / enhancers

A

UAS makes up enhancers. This is where activators will bind proximal or distal ly from start site

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9
Q

What binds to URS/ silencers proximally or distal ly

A

Repressors

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10
Q

What makes up the basal transcription machinery (PIC)

A

General Tfs and rna pol II

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11
Q

What is the CTD

A

Carboxy terminal domain of rna pol - on the largest subunit of rna pol

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12
Q

What does CTD do

A

Binds to mediator and also is phosphorylated via tf d

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13
Q

What other promoter element are present if the tata and inr are lacking ( in 70% of genes)

A

Cpg islands

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14
Q

What causes silencing in cpg islands

A

When c residues followed by g are methylated this causes silencing

Originally the cpg islands are hypomethylated

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15
Q

Which 2 ways were promoter elements identified

A

Sequence comparisons (similar means promoter area)

Reporter analysis

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16
Q

Explain reporter analysis

A

The regulatory sequence was introduced into a plasmid before a reporter genes. These are genes which encode for localisation proteins Eg gfp

The level of expression and thus promotion is then recognised via the translation of these

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17
Q

What does rna pol 1 transcribe (and where)

A

rRNA for ribosome production in the nucleolus

28s and 18s

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18
Q

What does rna pol II transcribe and where

A

Mrna , snrna and mirna

In nucleus

19
Q

What does rna pol III transcribe

A

tRNA and Other translation rna (5s,7SA,U6)

In nucleolus

20
Q

What are the differences between pro rna pol and eukaryotic

A

Prokaryotic has 5 subunits (aabb’w)

Eukaryotic has 12 subunits

21
Q

Which subunit of euk rna pol II is largest (where CTD is) and what is it homologous to

A

Rpb1

Homologous to b’ subunit in prokaryotes

22
Q

What are the 6 general TFs which make the basal transcription machinery

A

II A,b,d,e,f,h

23
Q

All gtfs are multi component except which one

A

II b

24
Q

Which gtf binds first and how

A

Binds to the tata box

25
Q

What does II d recruit and in which order

A

A and B second

26
Q

What is the importance of II a

A

Stabilises d on the tata box

Anti repression

27
Q

What is the importance of II b

A

Recruits polymerase II and F with it

28
Q

What does II f stimulate

A

Elongation (stays attached to pol)

29
Q

Which gtf recruits H at the end

A

E

30
Q

What is the pic/ basal transcription machinery equivalent to

A

Closed complex

31
Q

What is the first role of TF II h

A

Helicase activity via ATPase hydrolysis

Opens dna on the start site

32
Q

What is helicase activity of II h called

A

Promoter melting

33
Q

Which ATPase is in the helicase core region of II h

A

Xpb

34
Q

What is it called when pol II begins transcription after promoter melting

A

Promoter clearance

35
Q

What happens and how when promoter clearance occurs

A

CTD phosphorylation via the kinase activity of II h

36
Q

What domain in the II h phosphorylsted ctd

A

Cak domain

37
Q

Which factor is the only one that stays during elongation

A

II f

38
Q

Which domain of tf II d binds to the tata box

A

Tata binding protein TBP

39
Q

What is associated with tbp on the II d

A

TBP associated factors (TAFs)

40
Q

Can TBP initiate the pic production on its own

A

Yes

41
Q

Why are tafs needed

A

For activated basal transcription via activator interaction

42
Q

Other than interacting with the activators what do tafs do

A

Interact with basal promoter elements to increase II d binding

43
Q

Where do taf 1 and 2 vine

A

To the inr

44
Q

Which taf binds to the dpe to increase II d interaction with basal promoter

A

Taf 6

Control Of Gene Expression (13 decks)

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