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Grade 11 Biology - Biodiversity > Eubacteria > Flashcards

Eubacteria Flashcards

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1
Q

Why Care?

A
  • Responsible for many diseases –> called pathogens
  • Infects livestock and threatens our food sources
  • Many are decomposers and help carbon cycle
  • Some are photosynthetic and make oxygen (ex. cyanobacteria)
  • Some help make vitamins in our guts (like B12)
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2
Q

Nucleoid

A

Chromosome in a single loop of DNA

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3
Q

Ribosomes

A

Scattered throughout cytoplasm, aid in protein synthesis

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4
Q

Pili

A

Hair-like structures used to interact with other bacteria

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5
Q

Flagella

A

For movement

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6
Q

Plasmid

A

Circular plate of more DNA

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7
Q

Cell Walls

A

Thick, strong, and rigid, made of peptidoglycan

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8
Q

Capsule

A

Sticky outer layer that surrounds the cell that reduces water loss, resists high temperatures, and helps keep out antibodies and viruses

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9
Q

Shapes of Bacteria

A

Coccus: round
Bacillus: rod-like
Spirillum: spiral/cork-screw

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10
Q

Groups of Bacteria

A

Diplo = 2
Staphlo = clumps
Strepto = string

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11
Q

Strep Throat

A

Streptococcus Pyogenes (coccus)

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12
Q

Tuberculosis

A

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (bacillus)

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13
Q

Probiotics

A

Good bacteria in our guts that help improve our immune system, eliminate extra bad bacteria, and keep our digestive system healthy

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14
Q

Autotrophic

A

Uses sunlight for energy

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15
Q

Heterotrophic

A

Lives off of other living things

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16
Q

Obligate Aerobes

A

Organisms that must have oxygen to survive

17
Q

Facultative Aerobes

A

Organisms that can use bacteria or live without it

18
Q

Anaerobes

A

Organisms that do not need oxygen for survival (ex. some bacteria can ferment things to make energy)

19
Q

Asexual Reproduction

A

Binary fission: chromosomes duplicate and new cell wall forms creating 2 identical bacteria - very fast process (~20 mins to double number of cells)

20
Q

Sexual Reproduction

A

Conjugation: bacteria join together via pili and one bacteria transfers some genetic info to the other creating a genetically different strain (occurs under poor conditions)

21
Q

Spore Formation

A

Endospore: a highly resistant structure that forms around the chromosome when a cell is stressed –> tolerates extreme conditions and are dormant until situations improves

Grade 11 Biology - Biodiversity (8 decks)

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