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Civil Service and State Agency studies > EU and its Institutions > Flashcards

EU and its Institutions Flashcards

1
Q

Why was EU established?

A

As a peace project after WW2

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2
Q

What treaty created European Economic Community (EEC)

A

Treaty of Rome (1957)

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3
Q

What treaty established European Coal and Steel Community?

A

Treaty of Paris (1951)

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4
Q

What type of organisation is the EU?

A

Sui generis supranational organisation

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5
Q

What does EU legislation take the form of?

A

Regulations - immediately binding

Directives - goals to be achieved

Decisions - legally binding

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6
Q

What does the term ‘Acquis Communitaire’ mean?

A

Collection of common rights and obligations incorporated into legal systems of EU Member States

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7
Q

What 2 European institutions decide on legislation and Budget

A

European Parliament and EU Council

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8
Q

What are the 4 decision-making institutions leading EU administration ?

A
  1. European Council
  2. European Commission
  3. Council of EU
  4. European Parliament
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9
Q

What 3 bodies complement the work of main institutions?

A
  1. Court of Justice
  2. ECB
  3. Court of Auditors
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10
Q

What determines where EU can legislate?

A

Treaties

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11
Q

How many Member States does EU have?

A

27 MS with common goals and values

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12
Q

What is the European Council often termed and why?

A

EC termed EU Summit as is a high level meeting between leaders in EU countries

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13
Q

How often does EC meet and why?

A

4 times a year to define overall political direction, set policy agenda and enlargement process

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14
Q

What is EC comprised of?

A

EU MS leaders and President

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15
Q

What does EC do at Summits?

A

Adopts conclusions - setting out Council’s position on particular issues

Position of Council

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16
Q

Term of EU Commission?

A

5 years

17
Q

What does the EU Commission do?

A

Represents, articulates, defends collective or general interests of the EU

18
Q

What is the EU Commission composed of?

A
  • 27 Commissioners (1 per each MS)
  • President
  • 7 vice presidents
  • 33 DGs
  • 32k total staff
19
Q

Who is the EU Commission held democratically accountable by?

A

European Parliament - has right to approve + dismiss political leadership of Comm

20
Q

What does EU Commission President do (3 key)?

A
  • Policy agenda
  • Areas of responsibility
  • Represents EU
21
Q

What are the 5 key roles of the EU Commission?

A
  1. Treaties
  2. Legislation and policy
  3. Managerial / executive functions
  4. Manage EU Budget
  5. Represents EU

AIMMR

22
Q

What are Commissioners in EU Commission responsible for?

A

Interest of EU as a whole (rather than national interests)

23
Q

What are the 5 powers of the EU Commission?

A
  1. Draft proposals for Legislation
  2. Oversee Expenditure under EU Budget
  3. Adapt ‘Supplementary Legislation’
  4. Hold national governments to account
  5. Regulate competition within EU marketplace

DOAHR

24
Q

What is the Council of the EU often referred to as?

A

Council of Ministers

25
Q

What does Council of the EU do?

A

Interests of individual MS

26
Q

What policy issues does Council of the EU deal with?

A

Sensitive issues like security & defence and police + judicial cooperation

27
Q

What is Council of the EU made up of?

A

Ministers from MS and President (6-month term)

28
Q

Who does the Council of the EU share power with in most policy areas?

A

European Parliament

29
Q

Where do Ministerial meetings take place in relation to Council of the EU?

A

Brussels, Luxembourg, and in country holding council presidency

30
Q

What does the Perm Rep of Council of the EU do?

A
  • Informs about EU developments
  • Represents MS and defends national line
  • Attends COREPER and accompany Ministers to Council meetings
  • Assesses position of other MS on proposals
  • Builds personal relationship with relevant officials
31
Q

What is COREPER and what do they do?

A

Composed of MS Perm Reps and assists CEU @ Ministerial level

Prepares work for council meetings involving Ministers

32
Q

What powers does the European Parliament have?

A
  1. Scrutiny and control
  2. Legislative
  3. Budgetary
33
Q

What legislative powers does European Parliament have (3 procedures)?

A
  1. Ordinary Legislative Procedure
  2. Special Legislative Procedure
  3. Consent Procedure
34
Q

What is Ordinary Legislative Procedure?

A

Both Council and President jointly approve proposals to become law

35
Q

What is Special Legislative Procedure?

A

EP power limited - can only review proposals and give non-binding opinions

36
Q

What is Consent Procedure?

A

EP can approve / reject proposals but not change them

37
Q

Under what Treaty can both EP and Council jointly decide on budget?

A

Lisbon Treaty

Civil Service and State Agency studies (4 decks)

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