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Institutions > EU > Flashcards

EU Flashcards

1
Q

List historical development of EU

A

1957 treaty of Rome tie in Germany after war
1973 Ireland uk
1987 single European Act - trade single
1993 Maastricht - common foreign security policy
2002 euro circulated
2009 Lisbon treaty president EU council TEU and TFEU

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2
Q

EUs evolution been framed by tension between?

A

Intergovernmentalism and
Supranationalism

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3
Q

What is intergovernmentalism

A

Theory of integration and decision making in international organisations which allows states to cooperate in specific fields whilst retaining their sovereignty

The concise Oxford Dictionary of politics 2009 Ian McLean and allistair Mac millan

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4
Q

What is supranationalism

A

Countries working together cede a degree of sovereignty

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5
Q

Example of intergovernmental

A

European council

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6
Q

Example of supranational

A

European Commission

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7
Q

Exclusive competencies of EU

A

Article 3 TFEU
Customs union
Common fisheries policy
common commercial policy
Internal market competition rules

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8
Q

Share competencies of EU

A

Article 4 TFEU EU legislates
Environment
Consumer protection
Transport
Energy
Justice freedom

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9
Q

Supporting competencies of EU

A

Article 6 TFEU EU intervenes to support
Culture
Tourism
Education
Protection of health

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10
Q

EU institutions

A

European Commission cabinet introduces legislation and COEU upper with European Parliament lower house approve legislation
Economic social Cttee business reps and Cttee of regions rep local government advise

EU council - heads of government
ECJ - arbitration
EU court of auditors - how money is spent

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11
Q

European Commission

A

Executive arm
1 per state
Each has portfolio supported by cabinet
5 year mandate
Approved by parliament before taking office
Staff divided into directorates general re different policy area

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12
Q

Role of European Commission

A

Guardian of treaties
Initiate legislation
Manage budgets, negotiate trade agreements

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13
Q

Council of European Union

A

Main decision maker
Represents members interests
Decisions unanimous or majority

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14
Q

What voting system does Council of EU use

A

Qualified
Majority
Voting

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15
Q

Voting in EU

A

Proposals must have support of states representing 65 per cent of EU population
Proposals must have support of 55 per cent of member states

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16
Q

EU parliament

A

Legislative branch
MEPs directly elected we have 14
720 in total
President serves 2.5 years
String committee system
Co decision making power extended veto in area such as trade
Significant influence on budget

17
Q

European council

A

Heads of states 27
Defines eu direction and goals
Appoints board and president of ECB
Does not legislate
2.5 years presidency

18
Q

ECJ

A

Interprets provision of EU law from national courts
Enforcement through infringement
1 judge from each state and 11 advocates general

19
Q

Legislative instruments of EU

A

Supremacy of EU law
5 instruments-
Regulation totally binding
Directive binding but must be transposed into law
Decision binding to the addressee
Recommendation call to action no obligation
Opinion non binding assessment

20
Q

Legislative process of EU

A

Commission proposes
Council decides
Parliament also decides bit weaker

21
Q

3 steps of EU legislation procedure

A
  1. Ordinary co decision COEU & parliament
  2. Consent as above but latter no power to amend
  3. Consultation as above but parliament only had advisory role
22
Q

Enforcement of EU law

A

By European Commission

23
Q

Coordination of EU affairs across public services in Ireland

A

Informal
Dept Taoiseach international and eu divisions works in coordination with European division in DFA
EU cabinet committee

24
Q

Name some challenges facing the EU

A

Trump
War in Ukraine
Climate change

25
Q

Impact of war in Ukraine

A

Direct threat to European political and economic integration
Trump and success of far right undermining approach to sanctions, coordinated political statements
Can we accelerate green deal and not rely on energy from Russia

26
Q

3 types of infractions of EU law

A

Non notification
Incomplete transposition
Incorrect application

27
Q

Procedure after infringement of EU law

A

Letter of enquiry
Letter of formal notification
Reasoned opinion
Referral to ECJ
Ruling by ECJ
Sanctions

Institutions (6 decks)

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