Ethnicity External

Question 1

Moynihan

Familiy Structure

Attitudes and Values

Answer 1

Structure + Support
-Black families headed by a mother are deprived financially and inadequately socialised.
-Creates a cycle of deprivation

1965

Question 2

Sewell

Familiy Structure

Cultural Deprivation

Answer 2

Fathers Gangs and Culture
-Absence of fathers as role models leads to a loss of ‘tough love’
-Nurtured by MTV
-Argues greater expectations needed to raise aspirations

2009

Question 3

Arnot

Familiy Structure

Cultural Deprivation

Answer 3

MTV Culture
-Ultra tough ‘ghetto superstar’ reinforced through videos
-Black boys subject to strong anti-educational peer group pressure

-Greatest barrier to achievement was the pressure of ‘selling out’ to the white establishment

2004

Question 4

Lupton

Parental Support

Cultural Deprivation

Answer 4

Asian work ethic
-4 WC schools, 2 white, 1 Pakistani, 1 mixed
-BAME see it as a ‘way up,’ white negative attitude
-Adult authority similar to that of education
-Parents supportive of behaviour policies
-Children respect teachers

2004

Question 5

Bereiter + Engelmann

Language

Cultural Deprivation

Answer 5

Language spoken by black families inadequatefor educational success due to its ungrammatical and disjointed nature

1966

Question 6

Palmer

Material Deprivation

Answer 6

-1/2 BAME chilidren LIC vs 1/4 white
-BAME 2x more likely to be unemployed
-BAME 3x more likely homeless

2012

Question 7

Rex

Racism in wider society

Answer 7

Social exclusion
-Racial discrimination means that BAME more likely to be forced into substandard housing than white

1986

Question 8

Wood

Racisim in wider society

Answer 8

Racism in the workforce
-3 applications, 1 white, 2 BAME
- 1 in 16 applicants recieved an interview for ‘BAME’ vs 1 in 9 for ‘white’

2010