Ethnicity and inequality Flashcards
What percentage of Pakistani and Gypsy Traveller women are unemployed ?
60%
What did Wood state about names in employment ?
29% of applications favoured white names over ethnic minorities.
What term did Davidson use for ethnic minority women ?
Concrete ceiling
What fraction of ethnic minorities are in low income households ?
2/5
What did Rowlingson and Mckay find ?
White managers greater wealth than other groups in same position
What did Flaherty state about poverty ?
Minority in poverty because of unemployment or low skilled jobs
What did Alcock state about material deprivation for ethnic minorities ?
Experience exclusion and isolation due to it
What did Platt find about occupational achievement ?
Pakistani and Bangladeshi groups performed worse than others
What did Ami Sedghi find about education ?
Minorities do well but social mobility barriers in place eg. Chinese outperform White British in GCSEs
What ethnic group has the highest rates of poverty ?
Bangladeshi, 25% have incomes among top half of incomes overall
What reasons did functionalist give for ethnic inequality? (Patterson host immigration model)
- fear of cultural differences
- host culture resentment
- immigrants failure to assimilate
Evaluate functionalist views of ethnicity and equality
X - naive to assume everyone wants to adjust to british culture
X - postmodernists say britain is multicultural and differences should be celebrated
what did new right say welfare reforms led to? (Murray)
increase in number of never married, black single mothers, black youths no longer find interest in jobs.
Evaluate murray
- victim blaming
- ignores economic divisions at time that created an underclass
What did Sewell find about families?
2001 - 57% afro carribean families lone parent and lack of male role model. Boys vulnerable to peer pressure. Reinforced by media.
Evaluate Sewell
Diverts attention from important factors such as racism.
What does Marxist Cox say about ethnicity and inequality?
Race = human creation. racism created through capitalism, capitalism created by white people so racism created by white people.
Evaluate Cox
X - views too simplistic
X - hard to prove that racism is capitalist ideology.
X - too interested in economic differences not race
What did Marxists Castles and Kosack argue about ethnicity and inequality?
Immigrants mostly in low skilled and low paid manual jobs. Reserve army of labour. Immigrants arrival turned to two wc groups. Divide and rule tactic. Immigrants scapegoat.
What are extra studies for marxism?
- Morecambe bay
- Hindujas brothers
Evaluate Castles and Kosack
X - not all ethnic minorities disadvantages in Uk. eg. over 5000 Muslim millionaires in Britain.
