Ethnic Studies Final Review <3 Flashcards
Civil Disobedience
when you disobey /break a law on purpose in a non-violent way in protest (because you believe it is oppressive/unjust)
strike
refusal to work to protest an oppressive act, law, or treatment
boycott
to refuse to buy from/shop at a certain place in protest -makes them lose money $
litigation
process of taking legal action/suing to change laws bring about justice
lobbying
attempting to influence policy makers/the government to make changes through letters, calls, emails, meetings
militant (militancy)
to have a more aggressive/extreme/ confrontational approach to social change, vandalizing, breaking into buildings, shocking demonstrations, maybe violence
Advocacy
taking action to influence others to address a social justice issue, like spreading information and awareness
Divestment
as a form of resistance: When schools/businesses/people take their money/investments out of companies that are doing oppressive work
Direct Action
the use of strikes, demonstrations, or other public/visible forms of protest rather than negotiation to achieve one’s demands.
OR
is when you take some sort of immediate, public physical ACTION, like a march, demonstrations, rallies, protests, walk-out, sit-in
legislation
the act of making or enacting laws
civic engagement
when community members identify a problem & try to help/fix it-like voter registration, volunteering, holding an education/health event in a community.
Example of civil disobedience
1977-When they wanted evict the elderly Filipino residents in the I-hotel in SF turn into a parking lot, they refused to leave the building so the police were called on them to pull them out (also SNCC- sit-ins/Rosa Parks/Claudette Colvin refusing to give up bus seats to white passengers)
Example of strike
1960s-The UFW United Farm Workers-led Cesar Chavez & Larry Itlilong-organized a strike of Latino & Filipino farm workers to stop picking grapes cuz they were being paid $1.25/2 a day, no bathrooms, no water, no breaks, & unsafe conditions
Example of boycott
From 1965-1970 the UFW led a boycott of grapes & wine so customers @ stores stopped buying them to hurt the bosses who were mistreating the farm workers
Example of Litigation
Brown v Board of Education 1954 court case where Black children sued the government for segregated schools so they ruled schools had to allow kids of all races together
Example of militancy
Suffragettes (women wanting the right to vote England 1900s) set fires, broke windows, beat politicians, fought/spit on police
Example of Direct Action
Judy Huemann & 100 people w/ disabilities occupied (meaning stayed & wouldn’t leave) sf federal building for disability rights for 28 days
Example of civic engagement
example: St. Anthony’s is in the tenderloin in SF & offers free lunch for people who are houseless/low-income mon-fri
example of divestment
The student coalition called Columbia University wants the university to divest its $13.6 billion endowment from companies w/ business ties that support the war in Israel.
example of legislation
The Equal Credit Opportunity Act in 1974 made it so that women could get credit cards, loans, & bank accounts w/o being married
ideological oppression
The IDEA or BELIEF that one group is better than another, and has the right to control the other group.
Examples include racism, sexism, ableism, anti-semitism
institutional oppression
When an institution (an larger organization) makes oppressive laws and policies to oppress people because of their social identity.
interpersonal oppression
Person to person-When a person oppresses another because of their identity with violence, abusive words, actions etc
internalized oppression
When you internalize-or take in the oppression you are given from a dominant social group-and oppress yourself.
resistance
to fight back and not give into oppression
classism
prejudice or discrimination based on social class
racism
Belief that one race is superior to another
sexism
prejudice, stereotyping, or discrimination, typically against women, on the basis of sex.
Homophobia
fear of and prejudice against homosexuality
xenophobia
Discrimination, fear, and hatred of immigrants/foreigners
Albeism
System that disadvantages people with disabilities
Islamphobia
dislike of or prejudice against Islam or Muslims, especially as a political force.
Anti-semitism
Discrimination and/or hatred of Jewish people
Dominant Narrative (or master narrative)
The account/ telling of events as told by those who are in power. What is told as the only history. Leaves out points of view not in line those in power.
Counter Narrative
Telling(s) of history from multiple points of view that challenge the dominant/master narrative, enhancing our understanding of history.
source (fuente)
where something comes from originally
Primary Source
An original document or physical object which was written or created during the time under study
Secondary Source
A secondhand account of an event written by someone who did not witness or actually participate in the events.
Includes sources that combine, synthesize, and or interpret information from primary sources.
Examples include encyclopedias and textbooks.
Ethnic Studies
the interdisciplinary study of race, ethnicity, and nation, but also sexuality and gender in the United States
People and groups whose story have been traditionally left out
What is Master Narrative of Thomas Jefferson?
Thomas Jefferson was the 5th president of the United States, he is famous for writing, “all men are created equal” in the Declaration of Independence
What is the Counter Narrative of Thomas Jefferson?
Thomas Jefferson owned over 600 enslaved Africans, was racist, and Sally Hemmings wasn’t his “mistress” she was a 14 year old girl he sexually assaulted and had children with.
What is the Master Narrative of Pocahontas?
Pocahontas was an adult woman who was in love with the Englishman John Smith. She saved him from being executed. John Smith was a good guy and hero.
What is the Counter Narrative of Pocahontas?
In real life Pocahontas was only 10 years old when she met John Smith, they were never romantic, and she was force to marry this Englishman named John Rolfe who brought her to England. John Smith was a bad guy who robbed Pocahontas’ tribe and wrote a book lying about what happened.
What is the Master Narrative of Christopher Columbus?
Christopher Columbus is celebrated on Columbus Day throughout the United States for being a hero and “discovering” America, there are schools and cities names after him as well.
What is the Counter Narrative of Christopher Columbus?
He didn’t discover a place that people already lived! He stole from, abused, and murdered countless native Tanio people who lived in the Caribbean where he landed, he never even landed in the United States!
Perspective
point of view, the way you see something influenced by the kind of person you are or your experiences.
race
A social construct that divides people into distinct groups based on physical appearance (particularly skin color & other physical characteristics).
example: big vague categories like white, Black, Asian, pacific islander, mixed, some other race, “Hispanic” or “Latino”
Ethnicity
An ethnic group that shares a common ancestry, culture, religion, language, region (area), foods, etc.
for example: more specific than race like being Chinese or Salvadorian etc
Nationality
the status of belonging to a particular nation either by birth or naturalization (living there)
etc. think were your passport is for, could be American or Chinese or Mexican or both like a hyphen like Chinese-American
Culture
Ways of life and being associated with a group of people: food, clothes, language, music, rituals, customs etc
There is both ethnic and popular culture
Privilege
Unearned advantages based on social identity
Oppression
when people use their power to exploit or harm other people, often from different social, racial or ethnic groups
Power
a special advantage or benefit not enjoyed by everyone in society
systems of power that oppression falls into: political
political-anything from the government, police, laws, public schools
systems of power that oppression falls into: economic
economic $$$$ private companies, private businesses
systems of power that oppression falls into: socio-cultural
socio-cultural like religious, ideas in culture, beliefs, practices, and cultural norms, how we think, are taught, and do things
institution
a organization, or corporation founded for a religious, educational, social, or economic $ purpose
sex
Biological traits that doctors assign you as male, female, (or intersex) at birth, chromosomes, sex organs etc
Gender
How you choose to identify to the world-like clothes, behavior, etc based on what society defines as masculine or feminine-(dif then biological sex)
Sexuality
who you are romantically and/or sexually attracted to
queer
Having a gender or sexual identity not heterosexual OR (put in a different way) cisgender-general umbrella/slang term for not being straight or cis-gender
Feminism
The belief that men and women should be economically, politically, and socially equal
Example: you think women and men should be equal you’re a feminist!
Toxic Masculinity
The idea that being a “man” is being like strong, and getting lots of girls, and not showing emotions, yelling and fighting
patriarchy
a family, group, or government controlled by men & male dominance is upheld
transgender
When a person’s gender identity is different than their biological sex at birth
For example: Jazz from the TLC show “I am Jazz” was assigned a male sex at birth but identifies as a woman in the world, he takes hormones has long hair, wears make-up dresses etc & goes by she/her pronouns
Sexism
prejudice or discrimination based on sex or gender, especially against women and girls
ally
someone from another group with power or privilege who stands in support of an oppressed group and supports them
solidarity
Solidarity means making connections between struggles & working intersectionally to fight intertwined oppressions
Propaganda
media, posters, movies, radio, tv, in vigorous support of a cause, it is often false and manipulative.
Example: Hitler used propaganda to brainwash the German people into thinking Jewish people were their enemy
Humanization
To see & treat people as fully human! People have pain, struggles & feelings like you!
Example: Donald Trump put undocumented kids in cages which is dehumanizing, they are fully human kids like us & should be treated as such!
Heteronormativity
the idea that being “straight” or heterosexual is the default in society and is normal and right
Example: saying to little girls, do you have a boyfriend? expecting her to play wedding w/ little boys etc.
gender-binary
putting gender into two distinct, opposite forms of masculine and feminine-by society or culture
Example: girls like pink & princesses & boys like blue & sport & you have to!
Stereotype
a big generalization that everyone in a group are all the same in someway, but it’s usually false general idea that can racist, sexist, homophobic etc
Example: Saying all Asian people are “good at math” because what if they aren’t and they feel bad about it because of the stereotype
Dehumanization
To treat people from a group as not-human, less than human, & not able to feel love, pain etc in order to justify doing bad things to them
Example: During the Holocaust Hitler dehumanized Jewish people & other group in order to justify mistreating & killing them
gender
how you choose to present be in the world on a scale of masculine/feminine/both/neither OR the socially constructed roles and characteristics by which a culture defines male and female
Microaggression
small & common things that people say or in our environment that are insulting, put-downs, on accident or on purpose that are aren’t supposed to be, but are bad and oppressive
Example: Saying “wow your English is so good!” when you were born in the United States or “you’re good at sports for a girl!”
social construct
an idea that has been created and accepted by the people in a society, so it’s made up and enforced by people not something natural/found in nature/biology
Counter-hegemony
the way you take back your bodies and minds from those in power as resistance & not conforming to dominate groups
hegemony
the way those in power dominate & control our bodies, minds, and actions to fit in with dominate social groups, the government, companies, schools, the police, technology etc
Humanization (humanizing)
To recognize and treat someone as fully human with empathy, compassion and justice/fairness
Socialization
the process in which people in a society learn how to “act” what is “normal” how to behave based on certain values/systems of power in a society
Media
All the various communications you use to get your news & entertainment — magazines, social media, websites, radio, and TV, among others — are collectively known as media
assimilation
the social process of absorbing one cultural group into another
Praxis/social action cycle
Praxis is taking ideas/what you learn & putting it into practice, starts with identifying a problem/learning & ends in action/reflection
