Ethnic Inequality Studies Flashcards
Gillborn
Boys of African Caribbean origin labels as ‘unruly’, ‘disrespectful’, ‘difficult to control’
Davidson
Concrete ceiling - women can’t even see promotions
Jenkins
Straightforward racism and direct discrimination was still a major problem in the mid 1980s
Bowling
If offender is not known white people say they were African Caribbean
Sewell
Many teachers fear black boys in school whom as a result adopt anti intellectual culture of music and sport
Evandrou
White elderly had lowest levels of poverty .. up to 60% of elderly Pakistani and Bangladeshi people were in income poverty
Jospeh Rowntree report
Pakistani and Bangladeshi - large share of income from other social security benefits indicating they are more likely to be in poverty
Heath and Yi Cheung
Pakistani, Bangladeshi and Caribbean people are most likely to experience the ethnic penalty
Reiner
The police have racist canteen culture so arrest more ethnic minorities
Rowlingson and McKay
Black / black British/ black Caribbean people have significantly lower levels of wealth than other ethnic groups after controlling for occupation
Modood
Ethnicity is a combination of culture descent and sense of identity
2011 census
Unemployment was highest for men and women of a black African ethnicity
Barron and Norris
Primary and secondary labour market
Patterson
Host immigrant model
- host cultures fear
- host cultures resentment
- failure of immigrants to assimilate
Park
Minority groups eventually adapt to majority groups over time to ensure social order and cultural solidarity prevail
Parsons
Said African Americans were initially seen as inferior over time they would intergrate
Cox
Racism created by capitalism
Castles and kosack
Most immigrants had low skilled and low paid work carried out in poor working conditions
Treatment derived from need in capitalist societies for a reserve army of labour
Castles and kosack
Arrivals of immigrants led to working class being divided not 2 groups - white population being top of working class and immigrant workers distinctly bottom
Weber
Modern societies characterised by status inequality
Status groups can be competitive and aim to achieve social closure meaning they try to control privilege and exclude other groups - meaning status and power in hand of majority ethnic group - hard for minority groups to compete for jobs etc
Barron and Norris
Dual labour theory
- primary labour market - well paid jobs, secure
- Secondary … - worst jobs low pay bad conditions few promotions
- white men dominate primary market ethnic minorities concentrated in secondary market due to lower cultural status
Miles
Ethnic minority groups become members of racialised class fractions - happens as they are treated by white society as cultural,y and socially different so they set themselves apart from white majority by stressing and celebrating their own cultural uniqueness
Brewer
Women of Ethnic minorities suffer from disadvantages as they are black and women and working class , each inequality reinforces and multiples the other inequalities. Distance feature of black feminism to brewer is that it studies interplay of race class gender in shaping the bed and restricting the life chances of black women
Mirzia
Black feminists are important as they can draw their own experience, can offer other ways of thinking that can involve some measures of critical race gender reflexivity into mainstream academic thinking
They have actively challenged the dominant image of black women as passive victim of racism Patriarchy social class inequality
Abbott
Feminism is all about white women problems and have shown black women as victims of racism and sexism
