Ethnic Inequality Studies

Question 1

Gillborn

Answer 1

Boys of African Caribbean origin labels as ‘unruly’, ‘disrespectful’, ‘difficult to control’

Question 2

Davidson

Answer 2

Concrete ceiling - women can’t even see promotions

Question 3

Jenkins

Answer 3

Straightforward racism and direct discrimination was still a major problem in the mid 1980s

Question 4

Bowling

Answer 4

If offender is not known white people say they were African Caribbean

Question 5

Sewell

Answer 5

Many teachers fear black boys in school whom as a result adopt anti intellectual culture of music and sport

Question 6

Evandrou

Answer 6

White elderly had lowest levels of poverty .. up to 60% of elderly Pakistani and Bangladeshi people were in income poverty

Question 7

Jospeh Rowntree report

Answer 7

Pakistani and Bangladeshi - large share of income from other social security benefits indicating they are more likely to be in poverty

Question 8

Heath and Yi Cheung

Answer 8

Pakistani, Bangladeshi and Caribbean people are most likely to experience the ethnic penalty

Question 9

Reiner

Answer 9

The police have racist canteen culture so arrest more ethnic minorities

Question 10

Rowlingson and McKay

Answer 10

Black / black British/ black Caribbean people have significantly lower levels of wealth than other ethnic groups after controlling for occupation

Question 11

Modood

Answer 11

Ethnicity is a combination of culture descent and sense of identity

Question 12

2011 census

Answer 12

Unemployment was highest for men and women of a black African ethnicity

Question 13

Barron and Norris

Answer 13

Primary and secondary labour market

Question 14

Patterson

Answer 14

Host immigrant model

• host cultures fear
• host cultures resentment
• failure of immigrants to assimilate

Question 15

Park

Answer 15

Minority groups eventually adapt to majority groups over time to ensure social order and cultural solidarity prevail

Question 16

Parsons

Answer 16

Said African Americans were initially seen as inferior over time they would intergrate

Question 17

Cox

Answer 17

Racism created by capitalism

Question 18

Castles and kosack

Answer 18

Most immigrants had low skilled and low paid work carried out in poor working conditions
Treatment derived from need in capitalist societies for a reserve army of labour

Question 19

Castles and kosack

Answer 19

Arrivals of immigrants led to working class being divided not 2 groups - white population being top of working class and immigrant workers distinctly bottom

Question 20

Weber

Answer 20

Modern societies characterised by status inequality
Status groups can be competitive and aim to achieve social closure meaning they try to control privilege and exclude other groups - meaning status and power in hand of majority ethnic group - hard for minority groups to compete for jobs etc

Question 21

Barron and Norris

Answer 21

Dual labour theory

• primary labour market - well paid jobs, secure
• Secondary … - worst jobs low pay bad conditions few promotions
• white men dominate primary market ethnic minorities concentrated in secondary market due to lower cultural status

Question 22

Miles

Answer 22

Ethnic minority groups become members of racialised class fractions - happens as they are treated by white society as cultural,y and socially different so they set themselves apart from white majority by stressing and celebrating their own cultural uniqueness

Question 23

Brewer

Answer 23

Women of Ethnic minorities suffer from disadvantages as they are black and women and working class , each inequality reinforces and multiples the other inequalities. Distance feature of black feminism to brewer is that it studies interplay of race class gender in shaping the bed and restricting the life chances of black women

Question 24

Mirzia

Answer 24

Black feminists are important as they can draw their own experience, can offer other ways of thinking that can involve some measures of critical race gender reflexivity into mainstream academic thinking

They have actively challenged the dominant image of black women as passive victim of racism Patriarchy social class inequality

Question 25

Abbott

Answer 25

Feminism is all about white women problems and have shown black women as victims of racism and sexism