ethnic inequality Flashcards
what is ethnicity?
describes people who share a common cultural heritage eg history, language and religion.
why is it difficult to get statistical evidence for ethnic inequality?
it is difficult to measure/define ethnicity due to intermarriages and migrants having lived in britain for generations.
how is ethnicity operationalised?
self identification in census but police idenitfy based on appearance.
which ethnicity is underrepresented in crime stats?
asian
why does ethnic inequality exist?
incorrect beliefs of superiority around biological differences including race/intelligence but also links to social differences.
what does the child poverty action group report suggest about ethnic inequality?
those from pakistani (58%) and bangladeshi (67%) families are more likely to live below the poverty line and experience material deprivation.
what do gilbourn and youdell say about ethnic inequality?
the educational triage allows for minorities to be labelled as ‘hopeless cases’
what did wright say about exclusion?
asian girls are expected to not speak english and so are excluded from class discussions and teachers made no effort to learn their names
what are 2 key ethnic inequalities in education?
ethnocentric curriculum
institutional racism
what did the joseph rowntree foundation 2007 find about ethnic inequality at work?
institutional racism exists meaning that ethnic minorities were more likely to work in secondary labour market and experience poverty and a lack of job security.
EMs in management/professional jobs earned 25% less than white colleagues
what did the runneymeade trust and fawcett society find about inequality in work?
there is a myth of meritocracy in work because:
no women in financial times top 100 CEOs.
27% of people faces racial slurs.
61% codeswitched.
what is codeswitching?
when ethnic minorities feel they need to change themselve to fit in at work, including their clothes, language used, hairstyle and even the food they eat.
what did woods find about ethnic inequality in work?
ethnic minorities are less likely to be given a job compared to white counterparts with similar qualifications due to the concrete ceiling and social closure.
what is the concrete ceiling?
the idea that ethnic minorities find it almost impossible to access promotion opportunities at work.
who talks about adultification?
lammy
what is adultification?
ethnic minority children are treated more harshly, like adults by the criminal justice system.
what is an example of adultification?
15 year old girl was strip searched, whilst menstruating by two police officers on suspicion of having drugs.
what did the lammy review suggest about ethnic inequality?
ethnic minorities are more likely to have a poor relationship with the police and be suspicious of the criminal justice system.
what did the macpherson report suggest about ethnic inequality?
that the police and criminal justice system were institutionally racist and labelled certain ethnic groups as ‘trouble’.
what did the BCSEW find about ethnic minority victimisation?
ethnic minorities had higher rates of victimhood compared to the white british population and also reported more fear of crime.
which ethnic group is most likely to be unemployed?
gypsy roma/travellers.
why is it a problem that a lot of ethnic minorities are in the secondary labour market?
because most of them are overqualified for their roles but are experiencing social closure/concrete ceiling.
what does alcock say about poor housing?
it often leads to poorer health in ethnic minority children leading to time off school, fewer qualifications leading to lowpaid jobs.
