Ethnic Differences In Achievement (internal Factors) Flashcards
What are the Main explanations of ethnic differences in achievement?
Cultural deprivation, material deprivation and racism in wider society
Culture deprivation theorists sees the underachievement of some ethnic groups what are some explanations for this?
Intellectual and linguistic skills
Attitudes and values
Family structure and parental support
Why do cultural deprivation theorists see the lack of intellectual and linguistic skills as a major cause of underachievement for many minority children?
They argue children from low-income households lack the equipment for school - causing them to not be able to develop reasoning and have poor problem solving skills
Which cultural deprivation theorists suggested the language spoken by low-income black American families as inadequate for education success?
Bereiter and Englemann
Why is the language spoken by low-income black Americans inadequate for educational success?
It’s seen as ungrammatical, disjointed and incapable of expressing abstract idea
Why do cultural deprivation theorists see a lack of motivation as a major cause of failure for many black children?
Socialised into the mainstream culture
‘Live for today’ attitude - does not value education
What are the consequences of having families headed by lone mothers?
Absence of a ‘father figure’
Struggle finically
What does Tony Sewell argue about black boys and underachievement?
He argued that black boys find it hard to overcome the emotional and behavioural difficulties of adolescence.
He says “black students discourage their peers”
He suggests they underachieve due to peer pressure
What does gilborn argue about black boys underachieving in education?
He suggests that it’s due to institutional racism
Why do Asian children do well in school?
They place a high value on education
Have supportive parents
Why do white working class families often underachieve ?
They have low aspirations
Parents have low expectations
What are External factors?
Factors outside the education system
What are internal factors?
Factors within schools and the education system
What does it mean if schools are ethnocentric?
Biased in favour of white culture and against minorities
What is material deprivation?
MD is the Lack of those physical necessities that are seen as essential for everyday life in today’s society
Why does material deprivation see educational failure?
Low wage rates leads to less resources for education
Ethnic minority households are around 3 times as likely to be homeless - no space to study
Why does poor housing affect pupils achievement in education?
Overcrowding - makes it harder for the child to study
Families living in temporary accommodations - frequently moving
Crowded houses can lead to children having a greater risk of accidents
How does diet and health affect pupils achievement in education?
Poor nutrition causes a lack of energy
Children from lower income families are more likely to engage in ‘externalising behaviour’ - blanden and machin
Why does a lack of finical support affect pupils achievement in education?
Lack of financial support means children from poor families have to do without equipment
How does a lack of fund affect pupils achievement in education?
It means that children from low-income families often needed to work causing a negative effect on their schoolwork
How does a fear of debt affect pupils achievement in education?
W/c students may fear going university to avoid getting into debt from tuition fees, books and living expenses.
Tuition fees keep increasing
W/c students who do go to universities are likely to receive less financial support from their families.
