Ethics: The Basics Flashcards
What is normative ethics?
It is practical ethics used in everyday situations and practical questions related to morality.
What is the definition of metaethics?
It is a broad philosophical perspective to discovering the reasons we make certain judgements about morality
What is the definition of metaethics?
Philosophical perspective. Approach to discovering the reasons we make certain judgements about morality.
What is the definition of normative ethics?
Practical ethics. Used in everyday situations, practical questions related to morality.
What are the 2 parts of metaethics?
Absolutist & Relativist
What does an Absolutist within metaethics believe?
an Absolutist bases his position on knowledge of what he believes is truth-more conservative.
What is a Relativist perspective within metaethics?
A Relativist believes there are No absolute truths to guide what is right and wrong-more modern
What is another sub-approach of the relativist perspective within metaethics?
Post-modernist.
What is the approach of the post-modernist of relativist view?
A post-modernist has respect for diversity. No one set of moral values is a guide across the board. More politically correct.
What are the 2 main approaches to Ethics?
- Deontological Theory
2. Teleological theory/consequentialism
Explain the Deontological Approach?
The Deontological Theory focuses on duty or actions that follow moral rules and principles. Emanual Kant came up with this approach.
Explain the Teleological theory/ consequentialsim
the Teleological theory focuses on “which action will produce the best outcome? John Stewart Mill came up with this approach.
What are other Ethical approaches?
a. Narrative
b. Case-based
c. virtue theory
d. intuition based ethics
e. rights based ethics
f. those emphasizing relationships
g. those emphasizing diversity and social structure.
h. ethics of care
Explain the narrative approach of ethics?
“all voices must be considered before assessing the moral significance of the situation” getting everyone’s story.
Explain case-based ethics?
Case-based ethics looks to precedent for rules to apply to a situation.
Explain virtue theory?
Virtue theory is concerned with the integrity or characteristic traits one should develop. It was created by a munk named Thomas Aquinas.
Explain Intuition based ethics.
Intuition based ethics is when people decide on a gut feeling; this makes it difficult to come to a consensus with others
Explain ethics of care.
Ethics of care is client-centered care emphasizing a caring response.
What are the 7 Basic Principles of Health Care Ethics?
- Beneficence
- Non-maleficence
- Automony
- Justice
- Veracity
- Fidelity
- Confidentiality.
Name some things that fall under Beneficiance.
a. competence, professional development
b. practicing within your scope
c. reporting unethical or illegal acts
d. not discriminating
e. providing services to meet a pt’s goals
Name some things that fall under Non-maleficence
a. not exploiting clients physically, emotionally, or financially.
b. using sound professional judgement
c. avoid abandonment
d. avoid influences of drug and alcohol while working
e. remedy personal problems or conflicts
What are some things that fall under Autonomy?
a. obtaining informed consent
b. establishing collaborative relationships with clients
c. avoiding paternalism, and respecting the client’s right to refuse treatment
What are the 3 types of Justice?
- Social Justice/Distributive Justice
- Compensatory Justice
- Procedural Justice
What is social justice?
social justice is fair distribution of goods and burdens within a society, or allocating resources. its purposes are 1. advocating for fair treatment of all clients, 2. promote activities that benefit the health status of the community, and 3. pro bono services
What is compensatory justice?
compensatory justice is making reparation for wrong doing
what is procedural justice?
Procedural justice is making sure processes or policies are organized for fairness and that the procedures are followed. In order to follow procedural justice, the following must be done:
- know and comply with laws, regulations, professional standards, and industrial rules
- know your Code of Ethics and educate others
- Provide appropriate supervision for subordinates
- Avoid misappropriation of funds
- Report abuse or fraud.
What are some things that fall under Veracity?
a. accurately represent credentials, qualifications, education, experience
b. Make sure documentation is timely and accurate, done in compliance with laws and regulations
c. give credit when using the works of others
d. do not make any fraudulent, deceptive, or misleading claims
What are some things that fall under Fidelity?
a. safeguard private information about colleagues, students, or employees
b. try to resolve perceived ethical breaches by using internal resources first
c. avoid conflicts of interest
d. do not exploit resources of your employer for personal gain
What are some things that fall under Confidentiality?
a. respect the right to privacy of clients, students, research participants, and employees
b. comply with HIPPA regulations
What are 2 other ethical terms?
- Rights: moral entitlement (ex: privacy)
2. Paternalism: using your own opinions and judgements instead of respecting your patient’s autonomy
