Ethics & Legal Flashcards
False imprisonment
Deliberate and unauthorized confinement of a person within fixed limits by the use of verbal or physical means. May be charged for restraining or secluding—against the wishes of the client—anyone having been admitted to the hospital voluntarily.
Assault
Fear that person will be touched without consent
Battery
Unconsented touching; harm does not need to occur
Frontal Lobes
Control voluntary body movement through impulses and may also play a role in emotional experiences.
Parietal Lobes
Think parent= touch/sensory
Manage sensory input including touch, pain, taste, etc.
Temporal Lobes
Manages auditory functions, smell, and plays a role in expression of emotions.
Occipital Lobes
Primary area of visual reception and interpretation.
Hypothalamus
- Direct neural control over the actions of the autonomic nervous system
- Regulation of appetite, temperature, blood pressure, thirst, and circadian rhythms
- Regulation of temperature
Limbic System
Includes the thalamus and hypothalamus, as well as other minor structures
•Called the “emotional brain”
•Associated with feelings of fear and anxiety; anger, rage, and aggression; love, joy, and hope
Sympathetic division NS
Dominant in stressful situations and prepares the body for fight or flight. Results in an increase in heart rate and respirations. Blood is shunted to vital organs and to muscles.
Parasympathetic division
Dominant in relaxed situations. Results in a normal heart rate and promotes elimination functions. Rest and digest
Major categories of neurotransmitters for psychiatry
Cholinergics
Monoamines
Amino acids
Neuropeptides
reuptake inhibitors
block reuptake of the neurotransmitters resulting in elevated levels of the extracellular neurotransmitter.
Drugs that inhibit catabolic (breakdown) enzymes
promote excess buildup or the neurotransmitter at the synaptic site
antagonists
cause receptor blockade resulting in a reduction of transmission and ⬇️ neurotransmitter activity
agonists
⬆️ neurotransmitter activity by direct stimulation of the specific receptors
Characteristics of useful feedback
Descriptive rather than evaluative and focused on the behavior rather than on the client
•Specific rather than general
•Directed toward behavior the client has the capacity to modify
•Imparts information rather than offers advice
•Is well-timed
Role of the nurse as a milieu manager and how to prioritize interventions.
Focus on the client’s ideas, feelings and experiences
Identify the client needs and problems
Encourage positive behavior
Discuss problem solving alternatives
Assess client to develop autonomy and self-reliance
Practice empathy and be non-judgmental
Pt Rights
The right to treatment
Anyone admitted to the hospital has the right to treatment.
The right to refuse treatment (including medication)
Patients have the right to refuse treatment unless immediate intervention is required to prevent death or serious harm to the patient or another person.
The right to the least restrictive treatment alternative
If a client can be adequately treated in an outpatient setting, they should not be hospitalized.
If hospitalized, the patient should not be sedated, restrained, or secluded unless less restrictive steps were unsuccessful.
HIPPA
protects client confidentiality on the federal level and gives individuals the rights to access their medical records, to have corrections made to their medical records, and to decide with whom their medical information may be shared.
Professional Bounderies
Self-disclosure
Gift-giving
Touch
Friendship or romantic association
stress
(1) Stress is a biological response, (2) Stress is an environmental event, and (3) Stress is a transaction between an individual and their environment.
Environmental event
Stress is defined as: “Change from an already steady state to another, either positive (like a personal achievement) or negative (like getting fired), that triggers an individual to respond physiologically and psychologically; usually starting with major lifestyle changes. Use the Recent Life Changes Questionnaire (RLCQ) to assess stress levels.”
