Ethics, informed consent & moral theories

Question 1

define good / moral

Answer 1

that whihc is commendable in itself

Question 2

define bad / immoral

Answer 2

action that is condemnable it itself

Question 3

what is morality? (2 defs)

Answer 3

the quality of being good bad or right and wrong - METAPHYSICAL

or

The mentality that perceives things as good or bad and right and wrong, regardless of whether these metaphysical categories exist or are even meaningful

Question 4

which codes primarily enshrine medical ethics in the uk?

Answer 4

GMC - “Good Medical Practise’

BMA - “Medical ethics today”

Question 5

what is ontology?

Answer 5

deals with nature of existence - e.g. does god exist?

Question 6

what is epistemology?

Answer 6

deals with the nature of poss. of knowledge, truth and objectivity. e.g. what is a fact?

Question 7

what is aesthetics?

Answer 7

deals with the nature o beauty

Question 8

what is logic?

Answer 8

deals with relations among propositions - e.g. what is a contradiction?

Question 9

what is primitive consequentialism?

Answer 9

an action is good if its actual consequences are good

Question 10

what is primitive consequentialism?

Answer 10

an action is good if its actual consequences are good

Question 11

what is modern consequentialism? who made it?

Answer 11

jeremy bentham

action is good if its intended consequences are good

Question 12

what is utilitarianism?

Answer 12

an intended consq. is good if it maximises utility /happiness.

but what is utility?

Question 13

who made util.?

Answer 13

john stuart mill

Question 14

what is deontology?

Answer 14

an action is good if it conforms to a universal principle - ought to be binding on all people regardless of its actual or intended consequences

Question 15

who made deontology?

Answer 15

immanuel kant

Question 16

what is rule util?

Answer 16

a universal principle is moral if it max. utility

Question 17

what is casuistry?

Answer 17

and action is good if it conforms to a similar precedent already known to be good? but how do we know if precedent was good in the first place? we dont / or if there are multiple p?

Question 18

what is virtue ethics?

Answer 18

an action is good if the virtuous person would have taken it.

but how do we ID virtuous person?

Question 19

what is 4 principles approach?

Answer 19

1. autonomy
2. beneficence
3. non -maleficence
4. justice

Question 20

what is the doctrine of double effect?

Answer 20

some actions are expected to have two opposite effects at the same time one good, one bad

Question 21

when causes actions of doctrine of double effect to be good?

Answer 21

1. good outweighs the bad one

2. you only intend to produce the good effect.

Question 22

why can moral philosophy been seen as a success?

Answer 22

produces countless justificaitons for any action or diea and its opposies

Question 23

why can moral philosophy been seen as a failure?

Answer 23

cannot provide foundational, undoubtedly true abstract moral premise

Question 24

what should we never do with ethics?

Answer 24

never take ethics at face value!! instead judge the ethics by the action to which it corresponds and sanctions

Question 25

an ethics can only be as humanist as…

Answer 25

the order to which corresponds and which it sanctions

Question 26

why is dealing with ethics in abstract is..?

Answer 26

unreflective, uncritical and potentially dangerous

Question 27

what does theory teach us about ethics?

Answer 27

ethics is a functional expression of the game. SO the game and not the ethics should be primary focus of our attention

Question 28

can a misanthropic medicine have a humanist ethics?

Answer 28

no! if you want a humanist ethics, get yourself humanist medicine