Ethics in Technology Flashcards
ACPA (Anti-cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act)
An act that allows trademark owners to challenge foreign cybersquatters otherwise beyond the jurisdiction of U.S. courts.
AIA (Leahy-Smith America Invents Act)
An act that changed the U.S. patent system so that the first person to file with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office will receive the patent, not necessarily the person who actually invented the item first.
APT (Advanced Persistent Threat)
A network attack in which an intruder gains access to a network and stays there—undetected—with the intention of stealing data over a long period of time (weeks or even months).
AUP (Acceptable Use Policy)
A document that stipulates restrictions and practices that a user must agree in order to use organizational computing and network resources.
BSA (Business Software Alliance)
The trade groups that represent the world’s largest software and hardware manufacturers.
BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)
A business policy that permits—and in some cases, encourages—employees to use their own mobile devices (smartphones, tablets, or laptops) to access company computing resources and applications, including email, corporate databases, the corporate intranet, and the internet.
CAPTCHA
Software that generates and grades tests that humans can pass and all but the most sophisticated computer programs cannot.
CDS (Clinical Decision Support)
A process and a set of tools designed to enhance healthcare-related decision making through the use of clinical knowledge and patient-specific information to improve healthcare delivery.
CDA (Communication Decency Act)
Title V of the Telecommunications Act, it aimed at protecting children from pornography, including imposing $250,000 fines and prison terms of up to two years for the transmission of “indecent” material over the internet.
COPA (Child Online Protection Act)
An act signed into law in 1998 with the aim of prohibiting the making of harmful material available to minors via the internet; the law was ultimately ruled largely unconstitutional.
COPPA (Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act)
An act that requires U.S.-based websites that collect personal information from people under the age of 13 to obtain permission from parents or guardians before asking for such data.
CIPA (Children’s Internet Protection Act)
An act passed in 2000; it required federally financed schools and libraries to use some form of technological protection (such as an internet filter) to block computer access to obscene material, pornography, and anything else considered harmful to minors.
CPOE System (Computerized Provider Order Entry System)
A system that enables physicians to place orders—for drugs, laboratory tests, radiology, or physical therapy—electronically, with the orders transmitted directly to the recipient.
CAN-SPAM Act (Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing Act)
A law specifying that it is legal to spam, provided the messages meet a few basic requirements: spammers cannot disguise their identity by using a false return address, the email must include a label specifying that it is an ad or a solicitation, and the email must include a way for recipients to indicate that they do not want future mass mailings.
CDS (Clinical Decision Support)
A process and set of tools designed to enhance health-related decision making using clinical knowledge and patient-specific information.
CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility)
The concept that an organization should act ethically by taking responsibility for the impact of its actions on its shareholders, consumers, employees, community, environment, and suppliers.
CPC (Cost Per Click)
One of the two common methods of charging for paid media in which ads are paid for only when someone actually clicks on them.
CPM (Post Per Thousand Impressions)
One of the two common methods of charging for paid media in which ads are billed at a flat rate per 1,000 impressions, which is a measure of the number of times an ad is displayed whether it was actually clicked on or not.
