Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ethics > ethics final > Flashcards

ethics final Flashcards

1
Q

active euthanasia

A

The ending of another person’s life by an aggressive method to end suffering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

active suicide

A

the taking of one’s own life through a conscious act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

advance directive

A

A predetermined (usually written) choice made to inform others of the ways in which the patient wishes to be treated while incompetent. Also, a living will that contains written instructions for future health care. Written instructions expressing one’s health care wishes in the event that he or she becomes incapacitated and is unable to make such decisions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

affidavit

A

A voluntary statement of facts, or a voluntary declaration in writing of facts, that a person swears to be true before an official authorized to administer an oath.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ALARA

A

The approach to radiation protection with the goal to keep radiation exposure as low as reasonably achievable.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ARRT

A

organization that controls radiography’s code of ethics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

assault

A

A deliberate act wherein one person threatens to harm another without consent and the victim believes the attacker has the ability to carry out the threat. An intentional act that is designed to make the victim fearful and produces reasonable apprehension of harm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

autonomy

A

The ethical principle that states “ actions should respect the independence of others.” The concept that patients are to be treated as individuals and informed about procedures to facilitate appropriate decisions. Right of an individual to make his or her own independent decisions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

battery

A

Touching to which the victim has not consented. Intentional touching of one person by another without the consent of the person being touched.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

beneficence

A

Ethical principle that states “decisions are made to benefit others”. Performance of good acts. Describes the principle of doing good, demonstrating kindness, and helping others.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

case law

A

Law developed from precedents set during civil and criminal trials. Aggregate of reported cases on a particular legal subject as formed by the decisions of those cases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

civil law

A

Law that addresses wrongs committed by one party harming another. Penalties for violation can include monetary damages to compensate for loss and to punish. Body of law that describes the private rights and responsibilities of individuals. The part of law that does not deal with crimes, it involves actions filed by one
individual against another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

code of ethics

A

Statement of acceptable and unacceptable behavior generated by members of a professional society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

common law

A

Law encompassing principles and rules based on ancient usages and customs. Body of principles that has evolved and continues to evolve and expand from court decisions. Many of the legal principles and rules applied by courts in the United States had their origins in English common law.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

competence

A

the ability to make choices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

confidentiality

A

the duty owned by health care providers to protect the privacy of patient information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

consequentialism

A

To evaluate the rightness and wrongness of ethical decisions by assessing the consequences of these decisions on the patient.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

corporate liability

A

States that the healthcare facility is responsible for the workers and care, use, and availability of equipment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

criminal law

A

law that seeks to redress wrongs against the state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

criminal negligence

A

Reckless disregard for the safety of others. It is the willful indifference to an injury that could follow and act.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

defamation

A

Holding a person to ridicule, scorn, or contempt. The making of a false statement to a third party that is harmful to another’s reputation. Defamatory statements may concern patients, family members, visitors, other employees, or physicians. Injury of a person’s reputation or character caused by false statements of another made to a third person. Defamation includes both libel
and slander

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

defendant

A

The party called to answer the allegations made in a lawsuit or criminal case. In a criminal case, the person accused of committing a crime. In a civil suit, the party against whom the suit is brought.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

DNR

A

Directive of a physician to withhold cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the event that a patient experiences cardiac arrest.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

due process

A

The constitutional right that protects individuals from arbitrary decisions by government, including those regarding education, and provides a path of recourse. It requires that specific procedures be
followed in bringing charges against a person to ensure fairness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

durable power of attorney

A

Legal instrument enabling an individual to act on another’s behalf. In the health care setting, a durable power of attorney for health care is the authority to make medical decisions for another.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

duties

A

obligations placed on individuals, groups, or institutions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

duty to care

A

In tort law, a duty of care is a legal obligation which is imposed on an individual requiring adherence to a standard of reasonable care while performing any acts that could foreseeably harm others. It is the first element that must be established to proceed with an action in negligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

EMTALA

A

The Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act is a statute which governs when and how a patient may be (1) refused treatment or (2) transferred from one hospital to another when he is in an unstable medical condition.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

ERISA

A

Employee Retirement and Security Act, enacted to deal with pension scams, also covers health plans and preempts or sometimes prevents state tort lawsuits and state regulation of managed care organizations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

ethics

A

The system or code of conduct and morals advocated by a particular individual or group. The systematic study of rightness and wrongness of human conduct and character

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

ethics committee

A

a committee that is composed of a variety of health care professionals and has the mission of helping to address ethical dilemmas in the health care setting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

euthanasia

A

Deliberately ending the life of another to end that person’s
suffering. A greek word meaning “the good death”. It is an act
conducted for the purpose of causing the merciful death of a
person who is suffering from an incurable condition, such as
providing a patient with medications to hasten his or her death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

false imprisonment

A

the unlawful confinement of a person within a fixed area. restraint against a person’s will

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

fidelity

A

the ethical principle that states “acts that observe covenant or promises are right”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

good samaritan laws

A

Laws designed to protect those who stop to render aid in an
emergency. These laws generally provide immunity for specified persons from a civil suit arising out of care rendered at the scene of an emergency, provided that the one rendering assistance has not done so in a grossly negligent manner.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

grievance

A

the process undertaken to resolve a labor-management dispute when there is an allegation by a union member that management has failed in some way to meet the terms of a labor agreement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

health care proxy

A

document that delegates the authority to make one’ sown health care decisions to another, known as health care agent, when one has become incapacitated or is unable to make his or her own decisions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

HIPPA

A

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, enacted by the federal government to enhance the rights of consumers regarding access to their records, limit access of others to those records, and improve quality, efficiency, and effectiveness of health care delivery through a national framework.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

HITECH

A

The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical
Health (HITECH) Act, enacted as part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, was signed into law on February 17, 2009, to promote the adoption and meaningful use of health information technology.

40
Q

implied consent

A

consent which is not expressly granted by a
person, but rather implicitly granted by a person’s actions and the facts and circumstances of a particular situation (or in some cases, by a person’s silence or inaction).

41
Q

inappropriate documentation

A

recording of opinions or derogatory comments that may result in liability

42
Q

incompetent

A

individual determined by a court to be incapable of making rational decisions on his or own behalf

43
Q

indictment

A

formal written accusation presented by a grand jury charging a person therein name with criminal conduct

44
Q

informed consent

A

Gives permission to the healthcare team to perform exams and treatment. The written assent of a patient to receive a proposed treatment; adequate information is essential for the patient to give truly informed consent.

45
Q

institutional review board (IRB)

A

an independent ethics committee (IEC), ethical review board (ERB), or research ethics board (REB), is a committee that has been formally designated to approve, monitor, and review biomedical and behavioral research involving humans

46
Q

intentional tort

A

wrongs resulting from acts done with the intention of causing harm to another

47
Q

justice

A

the ethical principle that states “acts that ensure the fair distribution of goods and harm are right.”

48
Q

laws

A

Regulations established by a government. A body of rules of
action or conduct prescribed by controlling authority and having binding legal force. Its basis is in common law from England, but it has been molded by statutes and judicial decisions since the founding of the United States.

49
Q

lawsuit

A

a legal action taken in a court for redress of wrongs; it is generally composed of a pleading phase, discovery phase, and trial

50
Q

legal rights

A

claims that have a foundation in legal principles and rules

51
Q

legislation

A

all the laws and statutes put in place by elected officials in federal, state, county, and city governments

52
Q

liability

A

as it relates to damages, an obligation one has incurred or might incur through negligent act

53
Q

libel

A

written defamation

54
Q

living will

A

A document in which an individual expresses in advance his or her wishes regarding the application of life-sustaining treatment in the event that he or she is incapable of doing so at some future time. A living will describes in advance the kind of care one wants to receive or does not wish to receive in the event that he or she is unable to make decisions for himself or herself. A living will takes effect when a person is in a terminal condition or a permanent state of unconsciousness.

55
Q

malfeasance

A

execution of an unlawful or improper act

56
Q

malpractice

A

Professional misconduct, improper discharge of professional duties, or failure to meet the standard of care of a professional that results in harm to another; the negligence or carelessness of a professional person such as a nurse, pharmacist, physician, or accountant

57
Q

medical immobilization

A

Immobilization used to perform effective treatment; not considered restraint; includes mechanisms usually and customarily applied during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and based on standard practice.

58
Q

medical malpractice

A

litigation for breach of duty of an established standard of care

59
Q

medical negligence

A

a breach of the health care providers’ obligation to follow the appropriate standard of care, which results in harm to the patient

60
Q

misfeasance

A

improper performance of an act

61
Q

moral rights

A

claims that are justified by moral principles and rules

62
Q

morals

A

generally accepted customs, principles, or habits or right living and conduct in a society, and the individual’s practice in relation to these

63
Q

multiculturalism

A

Respect for the diversity of the many ways of knowing beyond the Western model, brought about by a broadening of learning and an opening of the mind to new ways of thought.

64
Q

negligence

A

Failure to use such care as a reasonably prudent person would under similar circumstances. An unintentional tort involving duty, breach of duty, injury, and causation.

65
Q

nonconsequentialism

A

the belief that actions themselves, rather than consequence, determine the worth of actions

66
Q

nonfeasance

A

failure to act as a reasonably prudent person would in similar circumstances

67
Q

nonmalfesance

A

the ethical principle that states “above all, do no harm to others”

68
Q

passive euthanasia

A

the ending of another person’s life by withdrawal of treatment

69
Q

patient protection affordable care act

A

“obamacare”, designed to provide better health security by enacting comprehensive health insurance reforms that hold insurance companies accountable, lower health care costs, guarantee more choice, and enhance the quality of care for all Americans

70
Q

perjury

A

willful act of giving false testimony under oath

71
Q

personal liability insurance

A

Liability insurance that the imaging professional may decide to carry independent of the employer’s policy and that may cover things not covered by the employer’s policy.

72
Q

plaintiff

A

the party making the allegations in a lawsuit or criminal case.. party who brings a civil suit seeking damages or other legal relief

73
Q

professional ethics

A

internal controls of a profession based on human values or moral principles

74
Q

professional etiquette

A

manners and attitudes toward patients generally accepted by practitioners

75
Q

prognosis

A

informed judgement regarding the likely course and probable outcome of a disease

76
Q

res ispa loquitor

A

latin term meaning “the thing speaks for itself”

77
Q

res judicata

A

“the thing is decided”

78
Q

respondant superior

A

“let the master answer”

79
Q

restraint

A

Physical restraint involves a device that restricts or limits voluntary movement and which cannot be removed by the patient

80
Q

rights

A

justified claims than an individual can make on others or on society

81
Q

sexual harassment

A

unwelcome sexual advances, request for sexual favors, and other verbal and physical conduct of a sexual nature to which the employee is required to submit as a term or condition of employment

82
Q

slander

A

verbal defamation

83
Q

standard of care

A

The degree of skill or care practiced by a reasonable professional practicing in the same field.

84
Q

statutory duty to report

A

Legal obligation to report a variety of medical conditions and
incidents

85
Q

statutory law

A

Any law enacted by federal, state, county, or city government. Law that is prescribed by legislative enactments.

86
Q

the joint commission

A

Organization that sets standards for the patient record in acute care

87
Q

tort

A

A private or civil wrong or injury, other than breach of contract, for which the court provides a remedy int he form of an action or damages.

88
Q

tort-feasor

A

person who commits a tort

89
Q

uninformed consent

A

patient gives permisson to allow touching, examination, or
treatment by medically authorized personnel but does not
understand what has been consented to

90
Q

unintentional tort

A

wrongs resulting from actions that were not intended to do harm

91
Q

value system

A

set or grouping of many values

92
Q

values

A

Qualities or standards desirable or worthy of esteem in
themselves; they are expressed in behaviors, language, and
standards of conduct.

93
Q

veracity

A

the ethical principle that states “being truthful is right”

94
Q

verdict

A

formal declaration of a jury’s findings of fact, signed by the
jury foreperson and presented to the court

95
Q

waiver

A

intentional giving up of a right, such as allowing another person to testify to information that ordinarily would be protected as a privileged communication

96
Q

will

A

legal declaration of the intentions that a person wishes to have carried out after death concerning property, children, or estate

97
Q

whistleblowing

A

Reporting concerns about unsafe conditions or poor-quality care to one’s employer, to a national or state agency responsible for regulation of the institution, or in the case of criminal activity, to law enforcement agencies.

ethics (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions