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Ethics II > Ethics Committees > Flashcards

Ethics Committees Flashcards

1
Q

What were the three reasons that prompted the development of ethics committees from Karen Teel, MD?

A

Physicians had:

  • responsibility and risk
  • Were ill equipped to make hard decision
  • Assumed civil and criminal liability
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2
Q

What were the baby doe rules?

A

Establishment of 1-800 numbers to address ethical concerns in the NICU

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3
Q

What are the roles of ethics committees? (6)

A
  • create a forum for discussion
  • Provide education for professionals
  • Create educational programs
  • Provide consultation for case management
  • Review/develop hospital policy
  • Serve as a catalyst for organizational ethics
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4
Q

What are the four goals of ethics committees?

A
  • Promote the rights of patients
  • Promote shared decision making b/t pts and clinicians
  • Promote fair policies and procedures
  • Enhance ethical tenor in health care
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5
Q

True or false: well functioning ethics committees should have an educational plan for themselves and others

A

True

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6
Q

True or false: well functioning ethics committees are about developing an advocacy model

A

False

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7
Q

True or false: well functioning ethics committees are about having ethics experts

A

False

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8
Q

True or false: well functioning ethics committees utilizes a good record keeping system

A

True

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9
Q

True or false: well functioning ethics committees commits to regular self evaluations, and meet regularly

A

True

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10
Q

Who usually comprises ethics committees? (6)

A
  • People who represent major clinical services
  • One person who has advanced ethics education
  • Quality improvement manager
  • Rep from edu dept
  • Community rep
  • Lawyer
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11
Q

True or false: well functioning ethics committees are a forum for discussion, but not advice

A

True

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12
Q

True or false: well functioning ethics committees make clinical decisions

A

False

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13
Q

What is the role of ethics committees in ethical cases?

A

Mediation–resource for discussion, not a determining body

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14
Q

What are the three competencies for health care ethics consultation?

A
  • Ethical assessment skills
  • Process skills
  • Interpersonal skills
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15
Q

What is the most common underlying issue that comes to ethics committees?

A

Communication issues (90%)

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16
Q

What percent of questions that ethical committees have an actual ethical issue underlying them?

A

5%

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17
Q

What is an ethics consultant?

A

an expert in clinical ethics who provides either ethics consultation services or serves as an educational consultant to the ethics committee

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18
Q

What are the downsides of having an ethics consultant as opposed to a committee?

A
  • one view

- Reliance on that person

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19
Q

What are the negatives of an ethics subcommittee?

A
  • organization

- May lack sufficient expertise

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20
Q

Who can order an ethics consult?

A

Anyone–pts, family member, or any member of health care team

21
Q

True or false: it is appropriate to consult an ethics committee on a non-active pt case

A

True

22
Q

What has been the progression of issues presented to ethics committees?

A

From moral dilemmas to moral distress/dissonance

23
Q

What is a moral dilemma?

A

A situation involving choices between equally (un)satisfactory alternatives

24
Q

What is moral distress?

A

Painful feelings or psychological disequilibrium caused by a situation where there are some sort of social/institutional barriers

25
Q

What is moral dissonance?

A

Inconsistency between the beliefs and values of the parties to the decision making process

26
Q

What are the environmental factors that can cause moral distress? (4)

A
  • inadequacy of resources
  • Communication milieu/lack of privacy
  • Pressure of time
  • Techno-rational chaos
27
Q

What are the three intrapersonal elements that often lead to moral distress?

A
  • moral distress
  • Sense of powerlessness
  • Sense of fear
28
Q

What are the consequences of unattended moral distress?

A
  • Moral outrage

- Burnout/Quitting

29
Q

What are the five measures to reduce moral distress?

A
  • Communication of moral values
  • Involvement in decision making
  • Peer support
  • Values education/ethics forum
  • Interdisciplinary communication
30
Q

What was the first state to require ethics committees by law?

A

Maryland

31
Q

What was the organizing body that established a mechanism for hospital personnel to consider and educate its constituents on ethical issues?

A

The Joint Commission for the accreditation of healthcare organizations (JACHO)

32
Q

What type of skill (ethical assessment, process, or interpersonal skills) is exemplified by: Discerning and gathering relevant data

A

Assessment

33
Q

What type of skill (ethical assessment, process, or interpersonal skills) is exemplified by: Assessing the social and interpersonal dynamics

A

Assessment

34
Q

What type of skill (ethical assessment, process, or interpersonal skills) is exemplified by: distinguishing the ethical dimensions of the case from other, often overlapping dimensions

A

Assessment

35
Q

What type of skill (ethical assessment, process, or interpersonal skills) is exemplified by: Identifies various assumptions

A

Assessment

36
Q

What type of skill (ethical assessment, process, or interpersonal skills) is exemplified by: Identifies relevant values of involved parties

A

Assessment

37
Q

What type of skill (ethical assessment, process, or interpersonal skills) is exemplified by: Identifying key decision makers

A

Process

38
Q

What type of skill (ethical assessment, process, or interpersonal skills) is exemplified by: setting ground rules for formal meetings

A

Process

39
Q

What type of skill (ethical assessment, process, or interpersonal skills) is exemplified by: express and stay within limits of the role of ethics consultation

A

Process

40
Q

What type of skill (ethical assessment, process, or interpersonal skills) is exemplified by: Create an atmosphere of trust that respects privacy and confidentiality

A

Process

41
Q

What type of skill (ethical assessment, process, or interpersonal skills) is exemplified by: Listens well and communicates interest, respect, support, and empathy

A

Interpersonal

42
Q

What type of skill (ethical assessment, process, or interpersonal skills) is exemplified by: Educate involved parties

A

Interpersonal

43
Q

What type of skill (ethical assessment, process, or interpersonal skills) is exemplified by: Eliciting the moral views of involved parties

A

Interpersonal

44
Q

What type of skill (ethical assessment, process, or interpersonal skills) is exemplified by: Represents the views of involved parties to others

A

Interpersonal

45
Q

What type of skill (ethical assessment, process, or interpersonal skills) is exemplified by: Enable involved parties to communicate effectively, and be heard by others

A

Interpersonal

46
Q

What type of skill (ethical assessment, process, or interpersonal skills) is exemplified by: Recognize and attend to relational barriers to communication

A

Interpersonal

47
Q

What is meant by the term preventative ethics?

A

Establishing systems and processes to resolve or identify ethical dilemmas

48
Q

What is meant by the term ethics leadership?

A

Creating an environment and culture that is conducive to solving ethical dilemmas

Ethics II (16 decks)

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