Ethics/Biostats/Miscellaneous Flashcards
ethics committee
- lost capacity
- unclear or missing advance directives
- medical futility issues
futility
dx tests or tx that MAY HAVE NO BENEDIT
court order
- lost capacity or no proxy
- family disagreement
- caregivers want to withdraw and ethics committee cannot reach a conclusion
psychiatric evulation
if unclear about capacity
brain death– 2 NO’S
NO obligation for futile care
NO need to get consent to stop treatment (mechanical ventilation etc.)
NEVER…
- report domestic violence without consent
- physician assisted suicide
- euthanasia
- pharma endorsement
- executions/ torture
- CONSENT FOR ORGAN DONATION
who gives consent for organ donation
organ donor network
organ donation ….
FAMILY CAN REFUSE it even if the patient has a card
payment for organ donation
NOPE
payment for egg and sperm
YES
can you report elder abuse without consent
YES
can you report domestic violence without consent
NOPE
factoral design
randomization to different interventions with 2 or more variables
example: 3 different anti-hypertensives AND bp to 1-2 mean
RARE disease assumption
OR=RR approx.
if outcome is uncommon in population with case control
generalizability=
EXTERNAL VALIDITY
post- hoc analysis
doing statistical tests on patterns seen after data is taken
loss to follow up leads to….
attrition bias
attrition bias leads to…
selection bias
stigma with exposure can lead to…
reporting bias
greatest way to improve QoL for high risk patients=
PHARMACY PERSONNEL
procedure practice on dead patients can be done if…
family OK with it
or
patient OK with it before dead
biggest communication failure—
during handover
how to improve hand over communication problems=
signout checklists
how do TCA’s prolong QT?
blocking sodium channels
acetaminophen toxicity– asymptomatic
first 24hours
cyanide toxicity—>
HOUSE FIRE
gum hypertrophy drug…
cyclosporine
“m” drug–> marrow suppression
mycophenolate
normal pupil size=
5mm
opiod intoxication, UNRELIABLE=
MIOSIS
5mm pupils= normal, and seen with which drugs
- merperidine
- propoxyphene
most nb indicator of TCA OD severity
duration of WRS
number one vaccine for travellers
hepa
COLD/SHIVERING….
FLUPHENAZINE
chemicals in eye
flush with faucet for 15 minutes
slurred speech and instead gait
benzo’s
phenytoin OD
horizontal nystagmus
cerebellar ataxis
confusion
polysaccharide vaccines=
B cell immunity (T cell independent)
CD8 immunity vaccines
MMR
intranasal influenza
B and T cell immunity vaccines
PCV13 (conjugate)
gifts from pharma
OKAY if they are small and benefit patients
increase cut off point…
increase specificity
decrease sensitivity
PC:
- combative
- agitated
- tachycardia
- WEEKS– PSYCHOSIS
bath salts
tx febrile neutropenia
piptazo
itchy serpiginous lesions, from putting hands in sandbox
cutaneous larva migrans