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Pharmacy Law and Ethics (2) > Ethics and Pharmacy Practice (start of exam 3) > Flashcards

Ethics and Pharmacy Practice (start of exam 3) Flashcards

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1
Q

______ is a promise made by the pharmacist to the patient because the pharmacist is in the profession.

A

Covenant

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2
Q

T/F?

Patient care involves both technical and moral considerations

A

true

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3
Q

In a pharmacist to patient covenant the __________ Provides pharmaceutical care to the patient.

A

Pharmacist

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4
Q

In a pharmacist to patient covenant the __________ Agrees to provide requested health information and payment for services and products.

A

patient

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5
Q

Rushworth Kidders is an __________

A

renowned ethicist

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6
Q

T/F?

Laws-obedience to enforceable regulations

A

true

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7
Q

T/F?

Ethics- obedience to one’s conscience

A

false

-Morals

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8
Q

T/F?

Morals-obedience to the unenforceable (in most cases)

A

false

-Ethics

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9
Q

Who adjudicates ethics of pharmacist?

A

The board of pharmacy

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10
Q

____________ often used interchangeably

A

Ethics and Morals

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11
Q

What are core values?

A

that which is worthy of esteem for its own sake; that which has intrinsic worth

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12
Q

Doing the “right” thing because it is the “right” thing is an example of what?

A

Core values

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13
Q

When you make a decision about right vs. wrong is an example of what?

A

moral temptation

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14
Q

What are 3 ways of being wrong?

A
  • violation of the law
  • departure from the truth
  • deviation from moral integrity
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15
Q

Moral temptation is based on what?

A

one’s personal core values

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16
Q

What are the 3 test that test for right vs. wrong?

A
  • the stench test
  • the front-page test
  • the mom-test
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17
Q

Name the associated test:

guilt (generality)

A

The stench test

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18
Q

____________ is the Internal code of morality at psychological level.

A

The stench test

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19
Q

Name the associated test: shame (visibility)

A

The Front-Page Test

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20
Q

Name the associated test:disappointment (legacy)

A

The Mom-Test

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21
Q

When people judge you against social morals when a private decision becomes public

A

The Front-Page Test

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22
Q

When you don’t want your actions to be known by someone that you respect is an example of what?

A

The Mom-Test

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23
Q

T/F?
The Mom Test is when you put yourself in another’s shoes (one whom you deeply respect) and think about what you are about to do.

A

true

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24
Q

Right vs. Right is a considered in what type of dilemma?

A

Ethical

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25
Q

What are the 4 Paradigms for Ethical Dilemmas.

A
  • Truth vs. Loyalty
  • Individual vs. Community
  • Short-term vs. Long-term
  • Justice vs. Mercy
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26
Q

It is right to stand on truth AND it is right to be loyal. (DESCRIBES WHAT)

A

Truth vs. Loyalty

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27
Q

T/F?

Loyalty is conformity with facts or reality

A

false

-Truth

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28
Q

_________ involves allegiance to a person, a government, or a set of ideals to which one owes fidelity

A

Loyalty

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29
Q

Individualism or Community:
assumes that in a society where each person vigorously pursues his own interests, the social good would automatically emerge

A

Individualism

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30
Q

Individualism or Community: assumes the needs of the majority outweigh the interests of the individual

A

Community

31
Q

It is right to consider the individual AND it is right to consider the community.
(DESCRIBES WHAT)

A

Individualism vs. Community

32
Q

T/F?

Immunizations administration is an example of Individual vs. Community.

A

true

33
Q

T/F?
Short-term vs. Long terms states that It is right to think and plan short-term AND it is right to think and plan long-term.

A

true

34
Q

_____-term concerns is usually defined by the projection of future interests in such a way that there will be ample means to meet the future required needs

A

LONG

35
Q

T/F?

Mercy urges us to seek benevolence in every way possible and is a case by case bases.

A

true

36
Q

_______-term concerns usually associated with the satisfaction of current needs in such a way as to preserve the possibility of a future

A

SHORT

37
Q

Justice vs. Mercy

A

It is right to be merciful AND it is right to enforce justice.

38
Q

What urges us to care for the peculiar needs of individuals on a case-by-case basis
and seek benevolence in every way possible

A

Mercy

39
Q

What urges one to

  • stick by one’s personal principles
  • hold to the rules, despite the pressure of the moment
  • pursue fairness without attention to personalities or situations
A

Justice

40
Q

What are the 3 Ethical Principles for Decision-Making

A
  • Ends-based Thinking
  • Rules-based Thinking
  • Care-based Thinking
41
Q

_______ thinking -Stick to your principles and let the chips fall where they may

A

Rules-based

42
Q

________ thinking-Do whatever produces the greatest good for the greatest number

A

Ends-based

43
Q

________Thinking-Do unto others as you would have them do unto you

A

Care-based

44
Q

Steps to solving and Ethical Problem

A
  1. Respond
  2. Gather
  3. Identify
  4. Seek
  5. Work
45
Q

Acting vs. Failing to Act is also called …

A

(Commission vs. Omission)

46
Q

Most ______ Codes emphasize only wrong actions, not wrong inactions (Acting vs. Failing to Act)

A

Moral

47
Q

Negligence occurs when duty to a patient is not kept is an example of what

A

Acting vs. Failing to Act

48
Q

What describes The strength and courage to do what one knows is right…with the knowledge of the risk involved.

A

Moral Courage

49
Q

What Judges the morality of an action (rightness) on the consequences of the action (Ends-based Thinking)?

A

Consequentialism

50
Q

What Judges the morality of an action (rightness) based on the (action’s) adherence to the rules?

A

Non-consequentialism

51
Q

Non-consequentialism= Western Ethics (5)

A
  • Autonomy
  • Veracity
  • Fidelity
  • Avoid killing
  • Justice
52
Q

When a patient has a CHOICE in making a healthcare decision is an example of what?

A

autonomy

53
Q

_______: telling the truth is always right

A

Veracity

54
Q

T/F?

Fidelity is fair distribution of goods and harms is right.

A

false

-Justice

55
Q

_________ involves Keeping promises, commitments, contracts, and covenants is right.

A

Fidelity

56
Q

T/F?

Avoid killing states that taking of human life is wrong.

A

true

57
Q

Actions are right when they have beneficial outcomes for the people involved and actions are wrong if they have detrimental consequences describe what?

A

Consequentialism

58
Q

T/F?

Clinical Ethics is A structured approach to ethical questions in clinical practice…Bioethics.

A

true

59
Q

____ is the life of the patient; at the heart of PROTECTION and TRANSMISSION of life.

A

Bioethics

60
Q

T/F?

AACP and APha established the Oath of a Pharmacist in 2009.

A

True

61
Q

Clinical ethics draws upon what 4 principles?

A
  • Moral philosophy
  • Health law
  • Communication skills
  • Clinical practice (pharmacy/medicine/nursing)
62
Q

The ABILITY to IDENTIFY and ANALYZE an ethical question and REACH a reasonable CONCLUSION and RECOMMENDATION for ACTION describes what?

A

Clinical Ethics in Practice

63
Q

What are the 4 principles of BIOMEDICAL ETHICS?

A
  • Beneficence
  • Non-maleficence
  • Respect for patient autonomy
  • Justice
64
Q

T/F?
JUSTICE is to DO GOOD; to REMOVE HARM; to promote welfare as well as the ability to BALANCE benefits and risks of therapy.

A

false

-BENEFICENCE

65
Q

T/F?

AUTONOMY is the professional standard of due care (duty)- “at least, do no harm”

A

false

NON-MALEFICENCE

66
Q

Professional misconduct or negligence is based on this what 4 principles? (NON-maleficence)

A
  • Professional must HAVE A DUTY to the party
  • Professional MUST BREACH the duty
  • Affected party must EXPERIENCE HARM
  • Harm must be CAUSED BY BREACH of duty
67
Q

Respecting a patient’s right to self determination, avoiding paternalism, involving informed consent, the respect of free choice and allowing patients to make the FINAL DECISION describes which principle of Bioethics?

A

Respect of Patient Autonomy

68
Q

T/F?
JUSTICE is giving what is “due” to patients includes resource allocation/rationing and equal treatment of equals and unequal treatment of unequals.

A

true

69
Q

T/F Most Moral Codes emphasize only wrong actions, not wrong inactions

A

TRUE

70
Q

_____ is the position of the APha Code of Ethics

A

Nonconsequentialism

71
Q

Beneficence vs. Nonmaleficence

A

Consequentialism

72
Q

The commitment to carry out medical acts according to the highest ethical standards

A

Beneficence

73
Q

_____ is at the top of decision making in the practice of pharmacy

A

Legal duty (laws and regulations)

74
Q

_____ avoids paternalism

A

Respect of Autonomy

Pharmacy Law and Ethics (2) (7 decks)

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