Ethics and Pharmacy Practice (start of exam 3)

Question 1

______ is a promise made by the pharmacist to the patient because the pharmacist is in the profession.

Answer 1

Covenant

Question 2

T/F?

Patient care involves both technical and moral considerations

Answer 2

true

Question 3

In a pharmacist to patient covenant the __________ Provides pharmaceutical care to the patient.

Answer 3

Pharmacist

Question 4

In a pharmacist to patient covenant the __________ Agrees to provide requested health information and payment for services and products.

Answer 4

patient

Question 5

Rushworth Kidders is an __________

Answer 5

renowned ethicist

Question 6

T/F?

Laws-obedience to enforceable regulations

Answer 6

true

Question 7

T/F?

Ethics- obedience to one’s conscience

Answer 7

false

-Morals

Question 8

T/F?

Morals-obedience to the unenforceable (in most cases)

Answer 8

false

-Ethics

Question 9

Who adjudicates ethics of pharmacist?

Answer 9

The board of pharmacy

Question 10

____________ often used interchangeably

Answer 10

Ethics and Morals

Question 11

What are core values?

Answer 11

that which is worthy of esteem for its own sake; that which has intrinsic worth

Question 12

Doing the “right” thing because it is the “right” thing is an example of what?

Answer 12

Core values

Question 13

When you make a decision about right vs. wrong is an example of what?

Answer 13

moral temptation

Question 14

What are 3 ways of being wrong?

Answer 14

• violation of the law
• departure from the truth
• deviation from moral integrity

Question 15

Moral temptation is based on what?

Answer 15

one’s personal core values

Question 16

What are the 3 test that test for right vs. wrong?

Answer 16

• the stench test
• the front-page test
• the mom-test

Question 17

Name the associated test:

guilt (generality)

Answer 17

The stench test

Question 18

____________ is the Internal code of morality at psychological level.

Answer 18

The stench test

Question 19

Name the associated test: shame (visibility)

Answer 19

The Front-Page Test

Question 20

Name the associated test:disappointment (legacy)

Answer 20

The Mom-Test

Question 21

When people judge you against social morals when a private decision becomes public

Answer 21

The Front-Page Test

Question 22

When you don’t want your actions to be known by someone that you respect is an example of what?

Answer 22

The Mom-Test

Question 23

T/F?
The Mom Test is when you put yourself in another’s shoes (one whom you deeply respect) and think about what you are about to do.

Answer 23

true

Question 24

Right vs. Right is a considered in what type of dilemma?

Answer 24

Ethical

Question 25

What are the 4 Paradigms for Ethical Dilemmas.

Answer 25

- Truth vs. Loyalty - Individual vs. Community - Short-term vs. Long-term - Justice vs. Mercy

Question 26

It is right to stand on truth AND it is right to be loyal. (DESCRIBES WHAT)

Answer 26

Truth vs. Loyalty

Question 27

T/F? | Loyalty is conformity with facts or reality

Answer 27

false | -Truth

Question 28

_________ involves allegiance to a person, a government, or a set of ideals to which one owes fidelity

Answer 28

Loyalty

Question 29

Individualism or Community: assumes that in a society where each person vigorously pursues his own interests, the social good would automatically emerge

Answer 29

Individualism

Question 30

Individualism or Community: assumes the needs of the majority outweigh the interests of the individual

Answer 30

Community

Question 31

It is right to consider the individual AND it is right to consider the community. (DESCRIBES WHAT)

Answer 31

Individualism vs. Community

Question 32

T/F? | Immunizations administration is an example of Individual vs. Community.

Answer 32

true

Question 33

T/F? Short-term vs. Long terms states that It is right to think and plan short-term AND it is right to think and plan long-term.

Answer 33

true

Question 34

_____-term concerns is usually defined by the projection of future interests in such a way that there will be ample means to meet the future required needs

Answer 34

LONG

Question 35

T/F? | Mercy urges us to seek benevolence in every way possible and is a case by case bases.

Answer 35

true

Question 36

_______-term concerns usually associated with the satisfaction of current needs in such a way as to preserve the possibility of a future

Answer 36

SHORT

Question 37

Justice vs. Mercy

Answer 37

It is right to be merciful AND it is right to enforce justice.

Question 38

What urges us to care for the peculiar needs of individuals on a case-by-case basis and seek benevolence in every way possible

Answer 38

Mercy

Question 39

What urges one to - stick by one’s personal principles - hold to the rules, despite the pressure of the moment - pursue fairness without attention to personalities or situations

Answer 39

Justice

Question 40

What are the 3 Ethical Principles for Decision-Making

Answer 40

- Ends-based Thinking - Rules-based Thinking - Care-based Thinking

Question 41

_______ thinking -Stick to your principles and let the chips fall where they may

Answer 41

Rules-based

Question 42

________ thinking-Do whatever produces the greatest good for the greatest number

Answer 42

Ends-based

Question 43

________Thinking-Do unto others as you would have them do unto you

Answer 43

Care-based

Question 44

Steps to solving and Ethical Problem

Answer 44

1. Respond 2. Gather 3. Identify 4. Seek 5. Work

Question 45

Acting vs. Failing to Act is also called ...

Answer 45

(Commission vs. Omission)

Question 46

Most ______ Codes emphasize only wrong actions, not wrong inactions (Acting vs. Failing to Act)

Answer 46

Moral

Question 47

Negligence occurs when duty to a patient is not kept is an example of what

Answer 47

Acting vs. Failing to Act

Question 48

What describes The strength and courage to do what one knows is right…with the knowledge of the risk involved.

Answer 48

Moral Courage

Question 49

What Judges the morality of an action (rightness) on the consequences of the action (Ends-based Thinking)?

Answer 49

Consequentialism

Question 50

What Judges the morality of an action (rightness) based on the (action’s) adherence to the rules?

Answer 50

Non-consequentialism

Question 51

Non-consequentialism= Western Ethics (5)

Answer 51

- Autonomy - Veracity - Fidelity - Avoid killing - Justice

Question 52

When a patient has a CHOICE in making a healthcare decision is an example of what?

Answer 52

autonomy

Question 53

_______: telling the truth is always right

Answer 53

Veracity

Question 54

T/F? | Fidelity is fair distribution of goods and harms is right.

Answer 54

false | -Justice

Question 55

_________ involves Keeping promises, commitments, contracts, and covenants is right.

Answer 55

Fidelity

Question 56

T/F? | Avoid killing states that taking of human life is wrong.

Answer 56

true

Question 57

Actions are right when they have beneficial outcomes for the people involved and actions are wrong if they have detrimental consequences describe what?

Answer 57

Consequentialism

Question 58

T/F? | Clinical Ethics is A structured approach to ethical questions in clinical practice…Bioethics.

Answer 58

true

Question 59

____ is the life of the patient; at the heart of PROTECTION and TRANSMISSION of life.

Answer 59

Bioethics

Question 60

T/F? | AACP and APha established the Oath of a Pharmacist in 2009.

Answer 60

True

Question 61

Clinical ethics draws upon what 4 principles?

Answer 61

- Moral philosophy - Health law - Communication skills - Clinical practice (pharmacy/medicine/nursing)

Question 62

The ABILITY to IDENTIFY and ANALYZE an ethical question and REACH a reasonable CONCLUSION and RECOMMENDATION for ACTION describes what?

Answer 62

Clinical Ethics in Practice

Question 63

What are the 4 principles of BIOMEDICAL ETHICS?

Answer 63

- Beneficence - Non-maleficence - Respect for patient autonomy - Justice

Question 64

T/F? JUSTICE is to DO GOOD; to REMOVE HARM; to promote welfare as well as the ability to BALANCE benefits and risks of therapy.

Answer 64

false | -BENEFICENCE

Question 65

T/F? | AUTONOMY is the professional standard of due care (duty)- "at least, do no harm"

Answer 65

false | NON-MALEFICENCE

Question 66

Professional misconduct or negligence is based on this what 4 principles? (NON-maleficence)

Answer 66

- Professional must HAVE A DUTY to the party - Professional MUST BREACH the duty - Affected party must EXPERIENCE HARM - Harm must be CAUSED BY BREACH of duty

Question 67

Respecting a patient's right to self determination, avoiding paternalism, involving informed consent, the respect of free choice and allowing patients to make the FINAL DECISION describes which principle of Bioethics?

Answer 67

Respect of Patient Autonomy

Question 68

T/F? JUSTICE is giving what is "due" to patients includes resource allocation/rationing and equal treatment of equals and unequal treatment of unequals.

Answer 68

true

Question 69

T/F Most Moral Codes emphasize only wrong actions, not wrong inactions

Answer 69

TRUE

Question 70

_____ is the position of the APha Code of Ethics

Answer 70

Nonconsequentialism

Question 71

Beneficence vs. Nonmaleficence

Answer 71

Consequentialism

Question 72

The commitment to carry out medical acts according to the highest ethical standards

Answer 72

Beneficence

Question 73

_____ is at the top of decision making in the practice of pharmacy

Answer 73

Legal duty (laws and regulations)

Question 74

_____ avoids paternalism

Answer 74

Respect of Autonomy