Ethics Flashcards
1
Q
define “ethics”
A
- body of knowledge and is more than “being a good person”
- part of clinical decision making to make decisions off ethics
2
Q
define “autonomy”
A
- agreement to respect another’s right to self determine a course of action
- support of independent decision making
3
Q
Patient Self Determination Act
A
- passed by US congress
- states that competent ppl could make their wishes known regarding what they wanted in their end of life experience, when they were possibly not competent
- includes DPOA which designates a competent person to assist in making end of life decisions when the individual was no longer competent
4
Q
define “beneficence”
A
- act of compassion
- taking positive action to help others
- a desire to good
- core principle of patient advocacy
5
Q
define “nonmaleficence”
A
- avoidance of harm or hurt
- core of medical oath and nursing ethics
- extends to make sure you are doing no harm in the beneficent act of using technology to extend life or in using experimental tx that have not been well tested
6
Q
define “fidelity”
A
- requires loyalty, fairness, truthfulness, advocacy, and dedication to the pt
- involves agreement to keep promises
- refers to the concept of keeping a commitment
- based upon virtue of caring
7
Q
define “justice”
A
- refers to equal and fair distribution of resources, based on analysis of benefits and burdens of decision
- implies that all citizens have equal right to goods distributed, regardless of what they have contributed and who they are
8
Q
define “paternalism”
A
- refers to act of healthcare professionals making decisions about diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis for patient
- based upon healthcare professional’s belief abut what is in the best interest of the patient, he/she chooses to reveal or withhold patient info in these top three arenas
- heavily laden as an application of power over the patient
9
Q
ethical decision making
A
- process that considers ethical principles, client values, professional obligations, and addresses ethic diversity and multiculturalism
10
Q
define “ethical issues”
A
- moral challenges facing profession
11
Q
define “ethical dilemmas”
A
- moral problems where ppl, groups, or community can see morally justified reasons for taking or not taking certain actions
- no matter where you practice, all hospitals have an ethical resource available 24/7
12
Q
biggest focus with public health and ethics
A
- how to allocate limited resources to equally needy populations
13
Q
conflicts in ethical issues and ethnicity
A
- situations in which ethnic diversity can be judged in relationship to cultural standards:
- situations that place persons at direct risk of harm, whether psychological or physical
- situations where ethnic cultural standards conflict with professional standards
- situations where the greater community’s values are jeopardized by specific ethnic values
- situations where specific ethnic community customs are annoying but not problematic for the greater community
14
Q
nursing code of ethics
A
- ANA’s Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements
- emphasizes political action as the mechanism to effect social justice and reform regarding homelessness, violence, and stigmitization
15
Q
public health code of ethics
A
- contains 12 statements that address the moral standards that delineate public health’s values, goals, and obligations
- preventing harm
- doing no harm
- promoting good
- respecting both individual and community rights
- respecting autonomy, diversity, and confidentiality when possible
- ensuring professional competency
- trustworthiness
- promoting adovcacy for disenfranchiesed persons w/in a community
