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Ethics Exam Review > Ethics > Flashcards

Ethics Flashcards

1
Q

Medical practice acts

A

State laws to govern the practice of medicine.

-provide for the establishment of medical licensing boards

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2
Q

Code of ethics

A

It’s of principles intended to govern behavior

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3
Q

Reasonable person standard

A

Judges a persons actions in a situation according to what a reasonable person would do under similar circumstances

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4
Q

Why do organizations have a code of ethics

A

Serve as moral guidelines

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5
Q

4 stages of development

A

Sensorimotor, pre operational, concrete operational, formal operational

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6
Q

Sensorimotor stage

A

Birth to age 2
Child is self centered, cannot see from another’s point of view
Explores the world with 5 senses

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7
Q

Pre operational stage

A

2-7

Develop awareness of things and people not in their direct sight

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8
Q

Concrete operational stage

A

7-12
See actions as right and wrong
See adults as powerful and controlling

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9
Q

Formal operational stage

A

Develop abstract thought

Understand degrees of right and wrong

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10
Q

Maslows hierarchy of needs

A

Physiological, safety, love and belongingness, esteem, self actualization

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11
Q

Respondeat superior

A

“Let the master answer”

Employers are legally responsible for employees if acts were performed within the scope of their duties

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12
Q

Res ipsa loquitor

A

“The thing speaks for itself”

The facts of the case are sufficient to find liability

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13
Q

Res judicata

A

“The thing has been decided”

A claim cannot be retried between the same parties if it has already been legally resolved

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14
Q

Release of tortfeasor

A

Prohibits a lawsuit against the person who caused the injury if they were expressly released from further liability in the settlement of a suit

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15
Q

Statute of limitations

A

Period of time during which a lawsuit may be filed

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16
Q

Sole proprietorship

A

Physician practices alone

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17
Q

Associate practice

A

2 or more physicians share office space and employees but practice individually

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18
Q

Partnership

A

2 or more physicians practice together under a written agreement

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19
Q

Managed health care

A

Make agreed upon payments to providers for care of a specific population of subscribers

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20
Q

Capitation

A

Payment made to providers from a managed health care organization, based on calculated cost of medical care

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21
Q

Constitutional law

A

Based on a formal document that defines broad government powers

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22
Q

Case law

A

Established by legal precedent

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23
Q

Common law

A

Unwritten, based on custom and tradition

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24
Q

Statutory law

A

Passed by congress or state legislatures

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25
Q

Administrative law

A

Enabling statutes enacted to define powers and procedures when an agency is created

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26
Q

Substantive law

A

Written law defines and regulates legal rights and obligations

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27
Q

Procedural law

A

Rules used to enforce substantive law

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28
Q

Criminal law

A

Crimes against the state

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29
Q

Civil law

A

Wrongful action against persons

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30
Q

Tort

A

Civil wrong committed against a person or property

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31
Q

Tortfeasor

A

Person guilty of committing a tort

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32
Q

Negligence

A

An unintentional tort alleged when one acted unreasonably or with disregard for th consequences

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33
Q

Medical review panel

A

Physicians with experience in the specialty in question and sometimes an attorney examine the facts to determine if the incident was an issue of malpractice

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34
Q

Arbitration

A

Setting disputes in which opposing parties agree to abide by the decision of arbitrator

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35
Q

4 C’s of medical malpractice prevention

A

Caring
Communication
Competence
Charting

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36
Q

Assumption of risk

A

Defendant is not guilty of a negligent act because the plaintiff knew of and accepted the risks involved

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37
Q

Denial

A

Claims innocence of the charges because one or more of the 4 Ds of negligence are lacking

38
Q

Affirmative defense

A

Allow accused to present factual evidence that the patients condition was caused by some factor other than the defendants Neglegence

39
Q

Contributory negligence

A

Plaintiff caused or contributed to his or her own injury through lack of care

40
Q

Comparative negligence

A

Plaintiff contributed to the injury by a certain degree

41
Q

Emergency

A

The person who comes to aid of a victim in an emergency is not held liable

42
Q

Technical defenses

A

Defense based on legal technicality

43
Q

Informed consent

A

Implies the patient understands modes of treatment and risks involved

44
Q

3 areas of general liability for physicians who are employers

A

The practices building and grounds, automobiles, employee safety

45
Q

What to do when someone has violated the HIPPA privacy rule

A

File a written complaint with the secretary of health and human services through the office of civil rights

46
Q

Why do governments collect vital statistics

A

Allowing was for tracking population composition and growth, measuring educational standards, monitoring community health problems

47
Q

If death occurs under normal circumstances, who fills out the death certificate?

A

Attending physician

48
Q

Which public health statues are enforced by citations for non compliance

A

Child safety seat laws

49
Q

Why do health care practitioners have to report sexually transmitted infections to the state health department

A

Reported cases are used to treat others who may have been infected by sexual contact with the named individual

50
Q

Just added to the list of communicable diseases for which federal isolation and quarantine is authorized

A

Acute respiratory syndrome

Aka viral pneumonia

51
Q

Example of communicable disease that has been largely eradicated

A

Smallpox

52
Q

Who is exempted from immunizations

A

Those with medical grounds, organ transplants, or allergies to eggs

53
Q

Consequences of not reporting child abuse

A

Misdemeanor charge

54
Q

Older Americans act

A

Created the administration on aging and outlined 10 objectives aimed at preserving the rights and dignity of my older citizens

55
Q

Affirmative action

A

Programs that use goals and quotas to provide preferential treatment for minority persons determined to have been underutilized in the past.

56
Q

Purpose of FDA

A

Oversees drug quality and standardization and must approve drugs before they are released for public use
Responsibility for major product recalls

57
Q

OSHA purposes(occupational safety and health administration)

A

Established and enforced compulsory standards for health and safety in the workplace

58
Q

MSDS sheets

A

Employers must obtain a material safety data sheet(MSDS) for each hazardous chemical in use in the office
These sheets should be left on file

59
Q

Hazard communication standard(HCS)

A

An OSHA standard intended to increase practitioners awareness of risks and reduce injuries and illnesses

60
Q

How long do you have to keep records for OSHA

A

5 years

61
Q

Genetics

A

The science that accounts for natural differences and resemblances among organisms related by decent

62
Q

Predictive genetic testing

A

Used to see if genes are present that could lead to hereditary diseases or harmful genetic conditions

63
Q

Animal being cloned to grow potential source of organs and tissues

A

Pig

64
Q

Agency adoptions

A

State regulated public or private adoption agencies place children with adoptive parents

65
Q

Independent or private adoptions

A

Arranged without the involvement of adoption agencies

66
Q

Identified adoptions

A

Adopting parents locate a birth mother and then ask an agency to take over the adoption process

67
Q

International adoptions

A

Couples adopt children from other countries

68
Q

Relative adoptions

A

Adoptive child is related to the adoptive parent by blood or marriages

69
Q

Hospice

A

Requires that a patient be expected not to live beyond 6 months

70
Q

What organization devised the original living will

A

The euthanasia society

71
Q

Palliative care

A

Treatment of a terminally ill patients symptoms to make dying more comfortable
Also called comfort care

72
Q

Bottom line

A

Focus of managed care

To reimburse health care providers while at the same time earning a profit

73
Q

Why are health care stakeholders concerned about the rising share of GDP that health care uses

A

Health care spending is the main force expanding the federal budget

74
Q

What is the HPV vaccine designed to prevent

A

Various forms of cancer from developing

75
Q

Deontological or duty oriented theory

A

Rightness or wrongness of the act depends on its intrinsic nature and not the outcome of the act.

76
Q

Teleological or consequence oriented theory

A

Judges rightness or wrongness based on the predicted outcomes

77
Q

Virtue ethics

A

Focuses on the traits, characteristics, and virtues that a moral person should have

78
Q

Licensure

A

Mandatory credentialing process established by law, usually at the stAte level, that grants the right to practice certain skills and endeavors

79
Q

Certification

A

Voluntary credentialing process where by applicants who meet specific requirements may receive a certificate

80
Q

Registration

A

Credentialing procedure whereby ones name is listed on a register as having paid a fee and met a criteria within a profession

81
Q

Accreditation

A

Official authorization or approval for conforming to a specific standard

82
Q

Stages of grief

A 
Denial and isolation 
Anger resentment 
Bargaining and guilt 
Depression 
Acceptance
83
Q

Controlled substances schedules

A
  1. High abuse no medical use(heroin)
  2. High abuse accepted medical use(Ritalin)
  3. less abuse (lortab)
  4. low potential for abuse
84
Q

Fair labor standards act

A

Prohibits child labor and the firing of employees for exercising their rights. Provides for overtime pay and minimum wage

85
Q

Equal pay act

A

Requires equal pay for men and women doing equal work

Amendment to fair labor standards act

86
Q

Clinical laboratory improvement act

A

Established standards for Medicare and Medicaid
Established minimum standards for all laboratory testing
Has been extensively amended sense first written

87
Q

Social security act

A

Encompass old age and survivors insurance

Public disability insurance, unemployment insurance and Medicare

88
Q

Employment retirement income security act

A

Regulates private pension funds and employer benefit programs

89
Q

Rehabilitation act

A

Prohibits discrimination in employment practices based on physical disabilities or mental health

90
Q

Tay Sachs disease

A

Lipid metabolism disorder

91
Q

Neurofibromatosis

A

Causes tumors along nerves and under skin

92
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

Progressive multiple system failure

Ethics Exam Review (1 decks)

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