Ethics Flashcards
Name some benefits of an advanced directive
Preservation of patient wellbeing and protection from futile medical treatments
Promote patient autonomy and selfdetermination
Enables patients to plan and prepare for death and dying
Give an example of justice in ethics
Sharing time evenly amongst patients…no favorites
Give an example of autonomy in ethics
Self determination.. ability to make one’s own decisions…informed consent….
Give an example of non-maleficence in ethics
Doing no harm when performing cares or procedures
Give an example of beneficence in ethics
Doing good for the patient
Give an example of veracity in ethics
Telling only the facts and if we don’t know them say that honestly
Give an example of fidelity in ethics
Being true to a patients wishes
What is moral agency
How choices are made
For crimes act 1961 sets out what type of legal duties that apply to nurses?
To provide the patient with the necessaries of life
To have and use reasonable skill and care when giving nursing care
To avoid any act or omission that may endanger life
Give an example of ‘doing what is for the greater good’
Promoting vaccinations for children
Give an example of ‘doing what is for the greater good’
Promoting vaccinations for children
What type of ethics are those from NZNO
Normative ethics
What is an example of dentology?
Doing our duty regardless of the consequences
What is an example of the utilitarian theory?
The general welfare of people as a whole rather than that of individuals
Give an examplenof the gillick competence
Where A child under the age of consent has the maturity and understanding of the situation may or may not give consent
A person is competent to give consent if they:
Can comprehend and retain the necessary information about the produce or treatment
Is able to believe it
Is able to weigh the information, balancing risks and needs, and so arrives at a choice
What is the difference between law and ethics?
People obey ethical rules because it is the righ thing to do BUT they obey the law to avoid imprisonment
Fhe law is enforceable but ethics are not
Breaking ethical rules may make the person feel guilty but they are not guilty at law
Informed consent is an examplenof what relationship between law and ethics?
Ethical and legal
Murder is an example of what relationship between law and ethics?
Unethical and illegal
What did the war crimes trial in Nuremberg achieve?
The Nuremberg code which is considered the foundation guidelines of legitimate and ethical research
What was established after the cartwright enquiry?
The office of the health and disability commisioner
What is the NZ Health Research council responsible for?
Managing the governments investment in health research
What does research misconduct mainly refer to?
Fabrication or falsification of research results
When the researcher used pseudonyms when quoting the participants what does this meet?
Respect for privacy
By selecting only unemployed men for a study and promising to pay them heaps to do it…what is this NOT meeting?
Respect for justice and equity
By acknowledging in the info sheet that the r3search talks about the death of a child that may be painful…and setting up access to counseling…the researcher met requirements for…
Beneficence
A terminally I’ll patient of sound mind wants to die and had signed a witnessed declaration that they do not want COR, and food or any active treatment….this is an examplenof
Voluntary passive euthanasia
If a 14 yr old is admitted for a TOP and requests nobody should be told then her mother rings and wants to know what she is there for…what should the nurse say?
I’m sorry but for privacy reasons I can’t tell you what procedure she is having
Informed consent in research means…
A person agreeing freely to participate in a study after receiving information about the nature of the study and what it will.involve for.them personally
Informed consent must be free from
Coercion
Undueninflu3nc3
External restraints
What is therapeutic research?
Research that gives the patient an opportunity to receive experimental treatments that may have beneficial effects
Consent is the legal expression of the moral principle of autonomy
True
For an act to be euthanasia it must safely meet what conditions?
Intentionality, evidence of suffering, motivated by beneficence, painless, non-fetal-humanity (not involve kids or fetuses)
What are the 6 eligibility criteria for voluntary euthanasia?
Aged 18 or over
Nz citizen or permanent nz resident
Suffering from terminal illness with a life expectancy of 6 months or less
In advanced stage of irreversible decline in physical capacity
Experiencing unbearable suffering and unable to be relieved of it
Competent to make an informed decision about assisted dying
What are the 8 principles of the code of conduct 2016
- Respect for the dignity and individuality of health consumers
- Respect the cultural needs and values of health consumers
- Work in partnership with health consumers to promote and protect their well-being
- Maintain health consumer trust by providing safe and competent care.
- Respect health consumers privacy and confidentiality
- Work respectfully with colleagues to best meet health consumers needs
- Act with integrity to justify health consumers trust
- Maintain public trust and confidence in the nursing profession
What are the 8 principles of the code of conduct 2016
- Respect for the dignity and individuality of health consumers
- Respect the cultural needs and values of health consumers
- Work in partnership with health consumers to promote and protect their well-being
- Maintain health consumer trust by providing safe and competent care.
- Respect health consumers privacy and confidentiality
- Work respectfully with colleagues to best meet health consumers needs
- Act with integrity to justify health consumers trust
- Maintain public trust and confidence in the nursing profession
How does the council define cultural safety
The effective nursing practice of a person or family from.another culture and is determined by that person or family
Can include…gender, age, sexual orientation, occupation, socioeconomic status
Religion
Disability
Cultural.saftey includes
Awareness, connection, communication, negotiation, partnership, advocacy, shared meanings
Professional boundries
Appropriate professional relationships with clients
Personal, financial and sexual boundries
Includes social media use
Code of conduct in short
- Respect individuality of consumers
2.respect cultural needs - Work to promote and protect wellbeing
- Maintain trust…safe and competent care
- Respect privacy
- Work respectfully with colleagues
- Act with integrity…trust
- Maintain public trust in nursing
What are peplaus phases of therapeutic communication
Orientation, identification, exploitation and resolution
Changed to orientation, working and termination
What are the steps in the research process?
- Id rhe problem/issue
- Search the lit
- Refine ideas, questions, hypothesis
- Id and minimize ethical issues
- Id methodology
- Sample populations
- Collect data from participants
- Analyse data
- Interpret data
- Disseminate findings
Qualitative methodologies
Phenomenology… study of lived experience
Grounded theory…relationships between people and behaviour
Ethnography…study of social groups
Action research
Descriptive exploratory
Historical research
Quantitative research
Types
Variable..independent what I manipulate
Dependant ….. what I measure
Observational …descriptive, correlations, retrospective, cohort studies
Quasiexperimental…not randomized
Experimental randomised
Mixed methods
