ETHICS Flashcards
socially transmitted information. cultures, ethics, and norms
INFORMAL INSTITUTIONS
self-centered mentality. perceive their own culture as “natural, rational, and morally right”
ETHNOCENTRISM
distinguishes the members of one group
CULTURE
Layers of Culture
Regional
Ethnic
Religious
Language
CESH 20865%
Chinese 20
English 8
Spanish 6
Hindi 5
Religion
CIHB
Christianity
Islam
Hinduism
Buddhism
3 Ways to Understand Cultural Differences
- Context Approach
- Cluster Approach
- Dimension Approach
failure to understand the differences in interaction styles
Context Approach (high and low context)
“no means no”
low context
unspoken conditions or assumptions
high context
more comfortable to do business with other countries with the same cluster/civilization
Cluster Approach
power is distributed unequally
Power Distance
identity is his or her own
Individualism Vs. Collectivism:
identity of his or her collective group
Collectivism
strong form, men tend to have more assertiveness and women are in caring professions
Masculinity
weak form
Femininity
members in a culture accept or avoid ambiguous situations and uncertainty.
Uncertainty Avoidance
perseverance and savings for future betterment.
Long-term orientation
principles, standards, and norms. Formal laws and regulations.
ETHICS
set of guidelines for making ethical decisions
Code of Conduct
3 VIEWS OF ETHICAL BEHAVIOR
- Negative View
- Positive View
- Instrumental View
social pressure
Negative View
self-motivated
Positive View
good ethics will help make money
Instrumental View
5 Dimension Approaches
- Power Distance
- Individualism Vs. Collectivsm
- Masculinity Vs. Femininity
- Uncertainty Avoidance
- Long-term Orientation
ethical standards are relative “ when in rhome, do what romans do”
ETHICAL RELATIVISM
there’s only one set of ethics
ETHICAL IMPERIALISM
prevailing practices
NORMS
FOUR BROAD STRATEGIC PRACTICES
- Reactive Strategy
- Defensive Strategy
- Accomodative Strategy
- Proactive Strategy
denial and belated action to correct problems.
Reactive Strategy
regulatory compliance (sweatshops: low wages for long hours)
Defensive Strategy
accepting responsibility
Accomodative Strategy
do more than is required.
Proactive Strategy
3 Proactive Strategy kinds
- Awareness
- Knowledge
- Skills
recognition of pros and cons
Awareness
ability to identify symbols, rituals, and taboos in other cultures
Knowledge
good practices based on awareness and knowledge
Skills
