Ethics 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Filipino equivalent of Ethics?

A

Kagawian

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2
Q

It refers to the philosophical study of morality.

A

Ethics

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3
Q

It refers to beliefs concerning right and wrong, good and bad— beliefs that can include judgements, values, rules, principles, and theories.

A

Morality

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4
Q

A type of judgement that is based on an existing rule or law.

A

Legal Judgement

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5
Q

A kind of judgement that is based on the concept of beauty.

A

Aesthetic Judgement

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6
Q

A judgement that is solely based on the interest of an individual.

A

Prudential Judgement

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7
Q

What do you call the careful, systematic evaluation of statements or claims?

A

Critical Thinking

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8
Q

An assertion that something is or is not the case.

A

Claim

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9
Q

A group of statements one of which is supposed to be supported by the rest.

A

Argument

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10
Q

Differentiate the two parts of argument; premise and conclusion.

A

Premises are statements and evidences used to support the conclusion, which serves as your stand.

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11
Q

A statement affirming that an action is right or wrong or if a person is good or bad.

A

Moral Statement

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12
Q

Describe a bad argument.

A

A bad argument has a false premise or a conclusion that does not follow/

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13
Q

The fallacy of trying to use a statement as both a premise in an argument and the conclusion of that argument.

A

Begging the Question

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14
Q

Determine the type of fallacy: “BTS are famous because they are loved by many people.”

A

Begging the Question.

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15
Q

The fallacy of assigning two different meanings to the same term in an argument.

A

Equivocation.

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16
Q

Determine the type of fallacy: “As a person, I have the right to free speech, therefore, it is right for me to call someone slurs.”

A

Equivocation.

17
Q

The fallacy of relying on the opinion of someone thought to be an expert who is not.

A

Appeal to Authority

18
Q

Determine the fallacy: A brand claims that their sunstick is the best one in the market because it is used and approved by Jungkook from BTS.

A

Appeal to Authority

19
Q

The fallacy of using dubious premises to argue that doing a particular action will inevitably lead to other actions that will result in disaster, so one should not do that first action.

A

Slippery Slope

20
Q

Determine the type of fallacy: I visited a Kpop store to buy an album. Hours later, I realized that I lost my notebook. If I didn’t go to the Kpop store, I wouldn’t have lost my notebook.

A

Slippery Slope

21
Q

The fallacy of using a flawed analogy to argue for a conclusion.

A

Faulty Analogy

22
Q

Determine the type of fallacy: Earth and Venus have almost the same size, have a very similar composition, and approximately have about the same mass. Therefore, people can live on Venus.

A

Faulty Analogy

23
Q

The fallacy of arguing that the absence of evidence entitles us to believe a claim.

A

Appeal to Ignorance

24
Q

Determine the type of fallacy: “The defendant is guilty because there is no evidence to prove his innocence.”

A

Appeal to Ignorance

25
Q

The fallacy of misrepresenting someone’s claim or argument so it can be more easily refuted.

A

Straw Man

26
Q

Determine the type of fallacy:
Person A says “I like BTS more than NCT.”
Person B refutes with “So, you hate NCT?”

A

Straw Man

27
Q

The fallacy of arguing that a claim should be rejected solely because of the characteristics of the person who makes it.

A

Appeal to the Person/Ad Hominem

28
Q

Determine the type of fallacy:
A child argues to her parents why Bongbong Marcos would not make a good president.
Her parents responds with “What do you even know? You’re too young to understand!”

A

Appeal to the Person/Ad Hominem

29
Q

The fallacy of drawing a conclusion about an entire group of people or things based on an undersized sample of the group.

A

Hasty Generalization

30
Q

Determine the type of fallacy: “Bora is an ARMY and is toxic. Therefore, all ARMYs are toxic.”

A

Hasty Generalization

31
Q

What is the difference between Cultural Relativism and Subjectivism?

A

In CR, “good” and “bad” is relative to a culture. In SB, it is relative to an individual.