Ethical,legal and environmental impacts of digital technology on wider society Flashcards
What does the consumer contracts regulations 2013 state ?
Specifies the rights of customers When Shopping online.
Require online traders to provide : full descriptions, prices, delivery changes, methods of payment accepted and return information.
The right to cancel an order and be given a full refund.
Physical products up to 14 days to return.
If they download digital content, they will not be entitled.
If a customer purchases, DVDs or Blu-ray and breaks the security seal, they lose the right to cancel their order.
This also applies to digital goods that are tailor-made by a company
Companies are not allowed to change for goods in online baskets until the customer agrees to purchase item.
Retailers of digital content must specify the hardware and Software compatibility.
What is personal information ?
Any piece of data that can be used to identify Someone e.g. name, surname, email, home address.
What is sensitive information ?
Data that requires protection because the loss, misuse or modification will negatively impact the individual e.g. religion, race, Political opinion.
What does the Data protection act 1998 state ?
Controls how personal information can be used by organisations.
The legislation protects of individuals whose data is being held.
Data should be
1 Processes fairly and law fully with the consent of the data subject.
2 uses for the specified purpose only.
- Be adequate and welevant for its intended purpose.
A Be accurate and up to data
- Not be kept longer than necessary.
6 Be processed in accordance with the rights of the data Subject.
7 Be held safely and securely
8 Not be transferred outside the EU without adequate protection
What happens if an organisation does not comply with the Data protection act 1998 ?
The company will be prosecuted
They can also be finned
How can companies ensure policies are followed ?
Ensure that any such data they hold is accurate and up to date.
This may involve regular content with the data subjects, asking them to verify current details.
They should be measures held in place to protect the integrity and the physical security of personal data held, such as access rights, firewalls and backup
procedures.
Staff Should have regular training : awareness of data Protection.
What is data subject ?
Data subject - the person the data is held.
What is Data control ?
Data Control- The person who is responsible for controlling the way in which personal data is processes.
What is Information commissioner ?
The person who is responsible for ensuring the act and promoting good practice to organisations for processing data and making the general public aware of their rights.
What does the Copyright, designs and patents acts 1988 state ?
Designed to protect the property rights of those individuals and organizations that create and produce material based on original ideas.
This is referred to as intellectual property including computer software.
This acts helps deter piracy.
A Software licence must be purchased.
If an organization wants to add more users at a later date, another licence will have to be purchased.
An organisation such as a schools or offices may have to purchase a site licence to allow for software to be downloaded an multiple computer.
What does the Copyright, designs and patents acts 1988 prevent you from doing ?
coping software and giving it to your friends
making a copy of software and selling it
using software on a network
renting the software without the permission of the copyright holder
What is piracy ?
The illegal copying and sale of Software products.
include both professional criminals who make large numbers of Copies of software and sell them illegally
The also includes individual users who copy or use the internet to download and install software or digital media.
Software Companies Spend a lot of money to prevent piracy using methods such as
An agreement between the software developers and the user must be agreed before the Software is installed, this is called the licence agreement
Certain pieces of software require a unique licence key to be entered before the installation will continue.
Some products will only. only run if the media is in the drive, other require compulsory registration and may insist on being Connected to the internet.
What is the computer misuse act ?
This Act makes it illegal to gain unauthorised access to change passwords and computer Settings (to prevent users from accessing their accounts)
This also make it illegal to modify. Software and data stored in a computer system.
What is social networking ?
Subscribing to websites such as Facebook, Instagram and Twitter to connect with others to share photos, videos and personal messages. Some Individuals misuse these platforms by:
Searching for profile page that contain personal information number Such a address and phone number
Posting racial and religious hatred.
Stealing Identities
Expand GPS ?
global positioning system
What is GPS ?
A GPS uses a number of satellites orbiting around the Earth that provide real-time information Such as the geographical location of an individual
If a user makes a mobile phone call or is driving a car with a GPS enabled. data about their location can be tracked.
If this is done without consent, it can infringe on an individual’s right to privacy.
positive use of GPS security
Help to track those under home arrest.
Help track vulnerable patients such as dementia sufferers who could wander off and get lost
Help track buses, taxis and company vans to help
Monitor and inform customers of arrival and departure times of services and goods.
negative use of GPS security
Could be used for the wrong reasons e.g.
Cyber stalking
Data may be sold without permission
What is a Software Engineers do
Software Engineers - develop and maintain programming code for new software They will write and test programming code.
What is a Digital Media and Design Job do
Digital media and design jobs: apps and web developers computer games designer. Computer generated imagery (CGI) and positions in audio and visual (AV)
What is a Cyber Security do
Cyber Security-greater demand to protect people from hackers, online scams and fraud. These are more Job opportunity in forensic computer analytics Jobs focusing on ensuring that computers protected from malicious attacks.
What is Job displacement
This has changed the way out Some jobs are carried
In manufacturing robots are used to carry out Work of a number of manual worker
Jobs that are often highly repetitive and tedious for humans are often carried out by robots
Robots may be used to assembling Cars.
low Skilled Jobs have been lost with the introduction robots, e.g. in Car manufacture
Skilled Job have been created these e.g. Software Engines are more job opportunity
Robots have Increased productivity
Reliant to technology
What is teleworking
The use of ICT to work from home.
Portable wireless technology such as tablets and other mobile devices. The internet and video conferencing allow more people to carry out their work at home.
Changes is work pattern
Development of smart technology and development of Smartphones and the development of Smart techniques’ such as major influences on cloud computing have been our work pattern.
Cities have become more congested and an So it is an effort to secure carbon footprint many employees work from home rather than using transport. This reduces over head costs for companies.
Advantages of Teleworking
No need to travel to work thes Saving time
flexible Working arrangements allowing the employee to Work when it suits them
No need to live close to the workplace.
Disadvantages of Teleworking
The ease of contact between office and home for the home Worker has meant that boundaries between home and work have become less defined and employees can find it difficult to manage. This because there is no cut off point for the end of the working day as you are always Contactable.
There may be differences in time zones so the global marketplace may have to be available 24 hours a day.
Need for upskilling
Training is required as technology is quickly advancing
For example, office Staff may need to be trained in new hardware and Software
Employer need to ensure staff are motivated to complete relevant training courses.
By offering training it will help to boost morale and improve retention levels.
By having training Courses it may improve productivity levels and they are using up-to-date Software.
What does the health and safety at work 1974 state
Ensure employees have obligations to provide Safe Working environment for employees who carry out their work while using a computer.
Law states that organisations Should have a company Policy on health and Safety and that employees should be aware of the policy.
What are the 3 Health Problems
RSI (repetitive strain injury)
Eye strain
Back pain
What causes RSI (repetitive strain injury)
By doing the same motion over and over again like typing
What causes Eye strain
screen glare
What causes Back pain
poor posture to much sitting
How can you prevent RSI (repetitive strain injury)
Take regular breaks.
Use ergonomically designed keyboards and mouse.
Use appropriate furniture, such as adjustable swivel chairs.
Use a wrist rest underneath the keyboard to avoid carpal tunnel syndrome.
Use a foot rest.
How can you prevent Eye strain
Use anti-glare screens.
Use swivel bases on screens to deflect light away from the user’s eyes.
Use screens that have adjustable brightness and contrast.
Have good lighting in the office.
Provide regular free eye tests.
How can you prevent Back pain
Use adjustable chairs that allow height adjustment and backrest tilting.
Take regular breaks and regularly exercise muscles.
Provide training for improving desk posture.
