Ethical Dilemmas & Decisions, Ch.3

Question 0

veil of ignorance

Answer 0

Rawl’s idea that people develop fair principles of distribution only if they are ignorant of their position in society

Question 1

justice

Answer 1

the quality of being impartial, fair, and just

Question 2

procedural justice

Answer 2

component of justice concerning the steps taken to reach a determination of guilt, punishment, or other conclusion of law

Question 3

retributive justice

Answer 3

component of justice concerning the determination and methods of punishment

Question 4

lex talionis

Answer 4

vengeance-oriented justice concerned with equal retaliation

Question 5

lex salica

Answer 5

form of justice that allows compensation; harm repaired by repayment or atonement

Question 6

utilitarian justice

Answer 6

justice type that looks to the greatest good for all as the end

Question 7

hedonistic calculus

Answer 7

Bentham’s rationale for calculating rewards of a crime so the amount of threatened pain could be set to deter people from committing the crime

Question 8

due process

Answer 8

Constitutionally mandated procedural steps designed to eliminate error in any governmental deprivation of protected liberty, life, or property

Question 9

civil disobedience

Answer 9

voluntarily breaking established laws based on one’s morals

Question 10

restorative justice

Answer 10

an approach to corrective justice that focuses on meeting the needs of all concerned

Question 11

procedural protections of due process

Answer 11

• notice of charges
• neutral hearing body
• right of cross-examination
• right to present evidence
• representation by counsel
• statement of findings
• appeal