Ethic/Epidemiology

Question 1

Relative Risk

Answer 1

Disease in number exposed/number exposed
Divided by:
Disease in nonexposed/ number nonexposed

Question 2

Case control study results:

Answer 2

Gives Odds Ratio:
(Cases exposed with disease)(exposed without disease)
Divided by
(Disease without exposure) ( no exposure without disease)

Question 3

Statistical Error types

Answer 3

Type1: association by chance

Type2: association not found- usually underpowered

Question 4

Relative Risk Reduction

Answer 4

Proportion reduction in rates:
CER-EER/CER
control event rate
experiment group rate

Question 5

Absolute Risk Reduction :

Answer 5

CER-EER
control event rate
experimental group rate

Question 6

Number Needed to Treat:

Answer 6

1/absolute risk reduction

ARR= CER-EER
control event rate-experi event rate

Question 7

Odds Ratio

Answer 7

OR is odds for exposed vs odds for nonexposed

Question 8

Confidence intervals

Answer 8

Widen with decreased sample size

Question 9

Sensitivity

Answer 9

Number of positive tests with disease
Divided by
Number with disease

Question 10

Specificity

Answer 10

Number of neg tests without disease
Divided by
Number without disease

Question 11

Positive predictive value

Answer 11

Number of true positives
Divided by
All positives

Question 12

Negative predictive value

Answer 12

Number true negatives
Divided by
All negative tests

Question 13

Familial combined hyperlipemia

Answer 13

Uncommon xanthalasmas
Chol 250-300
LDL 200-300
TG> 140

Question 14

Duke treadmill score

Answer 14

Time Bruce in minutes - 5x st depression-4x angina (0 none, 1 non limiting , 2 limiting)
Low risk < -10

Question 15

Metabolic syndrome characteristics

Answer 15

Waist men > 40 women> 35
TG> 150
HDL c 130/85
Gluc fasting 100mg/dl

Question 16

NCEP cad risk equivalents:

Answer 16

Dm type 2
AAA
Symptomatic carotid dz
Framingham score risk > 20% 10 yr coronary risk
High Ca score may not qualify

Question 17

Kawasaki disease

Answer 17

Mucucutaneous lymph node syndrome

Systemic necrotizing medium sized vasculitis