Ethernet Networking and Data Encapsulation Flashcards
______ is a contention-based media access method that allows all hosts on a network to share the same link’s bandwidth.
Ethernet
True or False:
Ethernet uses both Data Link and Physical layer specifications, presented with information relative to both layers, and need to effectively implement, troubleshoot, and maintain an Ethernet network.
True
______ refers to a network scenario wherein one device sends a frame out on a physical network segment forcing every other device on the same segment to pay attention to it.
collision domain
True or False:
The hosts connected to each hub are in the same collision domain, so if one of them transmits, all the others must take the time to listen for and read the digital signal.
True
True or False:
Each connection on a switch creates a separate collision domain.
True
True or False:
switches don’t break up broadcast domains by default
True
It refers to a group of devices on a specific network segment that hear all the broadcasts sent out on that specific network segment.
Broadcast Domain
_______ is usually a boundary delimited by physical media like switches and routers, the term can also refer to a logical division of a network segment, where all hosts can communicate via a Data Link layer, hardware address broadcast.
Broadcast Domain
A ______ creates broadcast domain boundaries.
router
______ helps devices share the bandwidth evenly while preventing two devices from transmitting simultaneously on the same network medium.
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD)
_______ was actually created to overcome the problem of the collisions that occur when packets are transmitted from different nodes at the same time
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD)
True or False:
When a collision occurs on an Ethernet LAN, the following happens:
1. A jam signal informs all devices that a collision occurred.
2. The collision invokes a random backoff algorithm.
3. Each device on the Ethernet segment stops transmitting for a short time until its backoff timer expires.
4. All hosts have equal priority to transmit after the timers have expired.
True
__________ is defined in the original IEEE 802.3 Ethernet specification, Cisco says Ethernet uses only one wire pair with a digital signal running in both directions on the wire.
Half-duplex Ethernet
_______ also uses the CSMA/CD protocol I just discussed to help prevent collisions and to permit retransmitting if one occurs
Half-duplex
If a ______ is attached to a switch, it must operate in half-duplex mode because the end stations must be able to detect collisions.
hub
The Six situations that you can full-duplex ethernet:
- With a connection from a switch to a host
- With a connection from a switch to a switch
- With a connection from a host to a host
- With a connection from a switch to a router
- With a connection from a router to a router
- With a connection from a router to a host
________ decides on the exchange capability, which means it checks to see if it can run at 10, 100, or even 1000 Mbps. It then checks to see if it can run full-duplex, and if it can’t, it will run half- duplex.
Auto-detect Mechanism
Important points in Full-Duplex:
- There are no collisions in full-duplex mode.
- A dedicated switch port is required for each full-duplex node.
- The host network card and the switch port must be capable of operating in full-duplex mode.
- The default behavior of 10Base-T and 100Base-T hosts is 10 Mbps half-duplex if the autodetect mechanism fails, so it is always good practice to set the speed and duplex of each port on a switch if you can.
Ethernet at the _______ is responsible for Ethernet addressing, commonly referred to as MAC or hardware addressing.
Data Link layer
_______ is also responsible for framing packets received from the Network layer and preparing them for transmission on the local network through the Ethernet contention-based media access method.
Ethernet
It uses the Media Access Control (MAC) address burned into each and every Ethernet network interface card (NIC).
Ethernet Addressing
The MAC, or hardware, address is a_____ written in a ______ format.
48-bit (6-byte) address ;
hexadecimal format
________ is assigned by the IEEE to an organization. It’s composed of 24 bits, or 3 bytes, and it in turn assigns a globally administered address also made up of 24 bits, or 3 bytes, that’s supposedly unique to each and every adapter an organization manufactures.
Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI)
True or False:
The high-order bit is the Individual/Group (I/G) bit. When it has a value of 0, we can assume that the address is the MAC address of a device and that it may well appear in the source portion of the MAC header.
When it’s a 1, we can assume that the address represents either a broadcast or multicast address in Ethernet.
True
