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gcse chemistry > ethanol > Flashcards

ethanol Flashcards

1
Q

What homologous series of compounds is ethanol a part of?

A

Alcohols

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2
Q

What do all alcohols contain in chemical formulae

A

OH - hydroxyl group
NOT OH-

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3
Q

How is ethanol used?

A
  • as alcohol in alcoholic drinks
  • a fuel (might be mixed with fuel)
  • a solvent (eg perfumes and paints)
  • an antiseptic (hand gel)
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4
Q

What are the two main ways to make ethanol

A

Hydration of ethene
Fermentation of sugars

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5
Q

Give an example of fermentation

A

Glucose from sugar cane

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6
Q

What factors effect the method used?

A
  • Availability of sugar cane and crude oil
  • amount of energy needed for the process
  • intended use for the ethanol
    (Alcohol drinks and bioethanol fuel used fermentation)
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7
Q

The fermentation of sugars chemical equation

A

(All behind numbers all small)
C6H12O6 -> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

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8
Q

Temperature of fermentation of sugars

A

30ºC

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9
Q

Pressure / atmospheres for fermentation of sugars

A

1 atm

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10
Q

Catalyst used in fermentation of sugars

A

Enzymes in yeast

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11
Q

What are the raw materials used in fermentation of sugars?

A

Sugar cane and other plants

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12
Q

Sugar cane and other plants are…?

A

Renewable

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13
Q

How is the quality of fermentation of sugars?

A

Impure

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14
Q

How do you make impure products pure?

A

Distill off the ethanol

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15
Q

What type of process is fermentation of sugars?

A

A batch process, which is slow

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16
Q

What is the chemical equation for the hydration of ethene?

A

C2H4 + H2O <=> C2H5OH
(Ones behind are small)

17
Q

What is the temperature used for the hydration of ethene?

A

300ºC

18
Q

What is the pressure (aka atmosphere) for the hydration of ethene

A

60-70 atm

19
Q

What is the catalyst for hydration of ethene?

A

Concentrated phosphoric acid

20
Q

Is hydration of ethene renewable?

A

No, it is non-renewable because ethene comes from crude oil

21
Q

What is the quality of the product of hydration of ethene?

A

Pure

22
Q

What is the hydration of ethene’s type of process and speed?

A

Continuous type of process and fast speed

23
Q

How can ethene be made?

A

Ethene is usually made by cracking crude oil fractions
- it can also be made by the DEHYDRATION of ethanol

24
Q

What is the catalyst for the dehydration of ethanol?

A

Aluminium oxide

gcse chemistry (2 decks)

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