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Greece > Etc > Flashcards

Etc Flashcards

1
Q

When Greece joined the eu

A

1981

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2
Q

What is added to retsina?

A

Resin from Aleppo pine trees (Pinus halepensis)

0,15-1% of the final volume

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3
Q

Name traditional PGI

A

Retsina

Verdea

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4
Q

what is Verdea

A

Oxidized white wine from island Zakynthos

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5
Q

In how many appellations can you produce retsina

A

15

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6
Q

Grape varitiea for retsina

A

Only Savatiano and Roditits

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7
Q

When and where first Greek cooperative est

A

Samos

1934

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8
Q

First modern wine laws

A

1969/70

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9
Q

Greek independence

A

1832

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10
Q

Ha of vines

A

61500 ha

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11
Q

Most planted gv?

A 
Savatiano
Roditis
Agiorgitiko
Liatiko
Xinomavro
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12
Q

What peninsula is Greece

A

Balkan

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13
Q

Bordering countries

A

Albania, Bulgaria, Turkey and northern Macedonia

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14
Q

% of mountains

A

70

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15
Q

The highest peak of Greece

A 
Mount Olympus (Thessaly)
3000 m
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16
Q

Seas of Greece

A

South - Lybian sea

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17
Q

Central Greece is also known as

A

Sterea Ellada

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18
Q

What Island includes central Greece

A

Island of Evia

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19
Q

Climate of Greece

A

Predominately Mediterranean

Epirus, center of Peloponnese, western Thessaly and western Macedonia - Continental

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20
Q

Coolest and hottest parts of Greece

A

Hottest and driest - Attica

Coolest - Epirus and Amynteo

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21
Q

Amount of PDO and criteria

A

34 (33)

100% grapes must be grown and vinfied within the appellation

Only V Vinifera species

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22
Q

2 PDOs with international gv

A

The slopes of Meliton

Messenikola

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23
Q

Old classification

A

In Greece, there are two categories of VQPRD wines:

OPE are the Greek initials for “Wines with Appellation of Controlled Origin”. This designation is dedicated solely to sweet wines. 2 red and 6 white wines that come from 6 different regions are included. A light blue paper strip that is placed above the cork distinguishes the wine bottles.

OPAP are the Greek initials for “Wines with Appellation of Superior Quality”. This designation covers mostly dry wines. The vast majority of the permitted grape varieties are indigenous. 14 red, 1 rosé and 11 white wines from 20 different regions are included. A pink paper strip is used to mark the bottles.

The Greek Table Wines are also broken down into two categories:

TO are the Greek initials for “Regional Wines”. This is the equivalent of the French “Vin de Pays”. Some of the finest wines from international grape varieties are included here, and it is not uncommon to find equal or even better quality compared to some Appellation wines.

EO are the Greek initials for “Table Wines“. The French equivalent are the “Vins de Table”. Although this is the lowest quality category, many winemakers choose this to experiment with varieties.

A sub-category to the EO is the OKP (Wines of Appellation by Tradition) that includes only Retsina and Verdea.

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24
Q

Amount of PGI, criteria?

A

120

85% of grape should come from the appellation

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25
Q

What means cava

A

For PGI and and varietal wines only

White/rose - 1 y/6 m
Red - 3 y/1 y

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26
Q

What’s Grand Cru

A

Only for sweet wines made as Vin Doux Naturel

From selected vineyards

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27
Q

Grande Reserve

A

Only for pdo
White - 2 years ageing with 1 y in barrel and 6 m in bottle (max 600 L barrel)

Reds - 4 years, 1,5 y in barrel and 1,5 in bottle

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28
Q

Estate in Greece

A

Ktima

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29
Q

Unknown white and unknown red gv term?

A

Asproudi

Mavroudi

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30
Q

Kouloura another name

A

Stefani or ambelies

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31
Q

Reserve

A

For PDO only
White - 1 year with 6 m in barrel and 3 m in bottle

Red - 2 years with 12 m barrel and 6 m bottle

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32
Q

Agiorgitiko translation

A

St George’s grape

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33
Q

Crete indigenous red gv for still and sweet wines

A

Liatiko

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34
Q

Notable PDO for Liatiko,color?

A

Red

Daphnes
Sitia

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35
Q

Limnio color and notable PDO?

A

Red

Limnos, slopes of Meliton

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36
Q

Notable red gv

A 
Agiorgitiko 
Xinomavro
Liatiko
Limnio
Mandilaria
Mavrodaphne
Negoska 
Mavrotragano 
Kotsifali
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37
Q

Mandilaria notable PDO

A 
Important for islands (especially Crete)
Archanes 
Candia 
Paros 
Peza 
Rhodes
Sitia
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38
Q

Mavrodaphne PDO

A

Dessert:
Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia
Mavrodaphne of Patras

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39
Q

Mavrotragano is popular in…?

A

Santorini

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40
Q

Mandilaria is often blended with

A

Kotsifali or Liatiko in Crete
Monemvasia on Paros
Mavrotragano on Santorini

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41
Q

The only one PDO for uncut Mandilaria? Styles?

A

Rhodes

Dry red
Rose
Sparkling wine

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42
Q

PDO where you can blend red and white

A

Paros

Mandilaria and Monemvasia

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43
Q

Xinomavro PDO?

A

Amynteo
Goumenissa
Naoussa
Rapsani

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44
Q

Notable white gv

A 
Aidani
Assyrtiko 
Athiri 
Malagousia
Moschofilero (pink)
Monemvasia
Robola 
Roditis (pink)
Savatiano
Vidiano 
Vilana
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45
Q

Aidani PDO?

A

Santorini

Often blended with Assyrtiko and Athiri

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46
Q

Assyrtiko notable PDO

A 
Santorini 
Rhodes (with Malagousia and Athiri)
Slopes of Meliton (Athiri and Roditis)
Candia
Malvasia Paros
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47
Q

Athiri notable PDO

A

Native to Santorini
Rhodes
Slopes of Meliton

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48
Q

Debina PDO

A

Zitsa

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49
Q

Malagousia PDO

A

Rhodes

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50
Q

Moschofilero PDO

A

Mantinia

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51
Q

Muscats PDO

A 
Muscat Blanc:
Muscat of Cephalonia
Muscat of Patras
Muscat of Rhodes
Muscat of Rio Patras
Samos

Muscat of Alexandria:
Lemnos
Muscat of Lemnos

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52
Q

Robola PDO

A

Robola of Cephalonia

Not relative to Ribolla Gialla

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53
Q

Roditis PDO

A

Mostly mainland

Anchialos
Patras
Slopes Of Meliton

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54
Q

Vidiano PDO

A

Native to Crete

Candia
Malvasia Candia
Malvasia
Sitia

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55
Q

Vilana PDO

A

Native to Crete

Peza (stand alone)
Sitia

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56
Q

PDO that includes rose as an allowed style

A

Amynteo

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57
Q

Monopole PDO

A

Slopes of Meliton

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58
Q

Southernmost PDO for Xinomavro and the base of mount Olympos

A

Rapsani

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59
Q

Xinomavro translation

A

Xino - sour

Mavro - black

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60
Q

Largest wine region

A

Peloponnese

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61
Q

Map of Greek wine regions and PDO

A
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62
Q

Wine regions

63
Q

Region bordering Bulgaria

64
Q

PDO and gv in Thrace?

A

No PDO

Mavroudi (red)
Limnio

65
Q

Where are Thessaloniki located

66
Q

2 major winemaking families based in Macedonia

A

Boutaris

Tsantalis

67
Q

Northernmost PDO

68
Q

Amynteo gv styles

A

Only Xinomavro

Dry, medium dry, med sweet rose

Sparkling dry and medium dry rose (tank and traditional)

Dry red
Medium sweet red

69
Q

Smallest PDO

A

Messenikola (Greek wine) or Rapsani (GuildSomm)

70
Q

Highest elevation and coldest PDO for Xinomavro

71
Q

Naoussa gv and styles

A

Xinomavro only

Dry, med dry, med sweet red

72
Q

Naoussa climate and soils

A

More clay and limestone
Less sandy

Continental

73
Q

First who bottle wine in Greece

A

Boutari

Est 1879

74
Q

Warmest PDO for Xinomavro

A

Goumenissa

75
Q

Goumenissa styles and gv

A

Xinomavro, Negoska (20% min)

Dry red

76
Q

4 PDO for Xinomavro

A

Naoussa (largest)
Amynteo (Coldest)
Goumenissa (smallest)
Rapsani

77
Q

Where is Halkidiki

A

Most wifey planted regions of Macedonia

78
Q

Who is the sole owner of PDO slopes of Meliton
Ha?
Where is it located

A

Domaine Porto Carras
450 ha
Halkidiki

79
Q

Slopes of Meliton styles and gv?

A

Dry Red:
Lemnio, CS and CF (max 30%)
Dry white:
Athiri, Assyrtiko, Roditis

80
Q

Where is mount Athos vineyard?

A

Easternmost Halkidiki
20 monasteries
PGI Mount Athos
Local and international gvs

81
Q

Where is PGI Epanomi? What it’s famous for

A

Macedonia

Home of Gerovassilou

82
Q

Sweet PGI for dried Xinomavro and Moschomavro

83
Q

Mountain range in the northern Greece

A

Pindos (Pindus)

84
Q

Thessaly climate

A

Mediterranean

85
Q

Greek grappa

86
Q

PDO in Thessaly

A

Anchialos (анхиелос)
Messenikola
Rapsani

87
Q

Rapsani gv and styles

A

Xinomavro, Krassato, Stavroto

Dry red

88
Q

Amynteo soils

A

Sandy

Lots of old self-rooted vines

89
Q

Anchialos grape varieties? Styles

A

Roditis (min 80%)
Savvatiano

White (dry, semi dry, semi sweet)

90
Q

Messenikola styles and gv?

A

Dry red

Messenikola black 70%
Carignan + Syrah, up to 30%

91
Q

Westernmost region of mainland

92
Q

Westernmost island

93
Q

PDO in Epirus and it’s gv, styles

A

PDO zitsa
Debina gv

Dry white
Sparkling white
Tank and traditional

94
Q

PDO in central Greece

95
Q

What is central Greece famous for

A

Retsina production

96
Q

Southernmost region of mainland

A

Peloponnese

97
Q

4 producers from Peloponnese

A

Skouras
Mercouri Estate
Gaia
Tselepos

98
Q

What gulf separates Peloponnese from mainland

A

Gulf of Corinth

99
Q

Climate in Peloponnese

A

Hot Mediterranean (aside from the center which is continental)

100
Q

PDO of Peloponnese

A

7:
Mantinia (dry and sparkling white)

Mavrodaphne of Patras (sweet red)

Monemvasia-Malvasia (naturally sweet and fortified sweet)

Muscat of Patras (sweet, VDN and VDL)

Muscat of ria Patras (sweet, VDN and VDL)

Nemea (dry red, semisweet red, VDL, VDN, sweet dried grape)

Patras (dry, semi-dry, semi-sweet white)

101
Q

Nemea gv

A

100% agiorgitiko

102
Q

What wine is called blood of Hercules

A

Agiorgitiko from Nemea

103
Q

Famous Nemea producer with wine from blend of CS and Agiorgitiko

A

Skouras

Megas Oenos

104
Q

Most famous cru of Nemea

A

Koutsi

Limestone rich

105
Q

Capital of Peloponnese

106
Q

Mantinia gv? Styles

A

Moschofilero min 85%
+ Asproudes

Dry white
Vin Gris (skin contact)
Sparkling white (tank or traditional)
107
Q

Sparkling PDO

A

Zitsa (white)
Amynteo (rose)
Mantinia (white)
Rhodes (white and rose)

108
Q

Patras styles and gv

A

Dry— semi-dry — semi-sweet white

100% Roditits

109
Q

Mavrodaphne of Patras styles and gv?

A

Min 51% Mavrodaphne
+ Mavri Korinthiaki

VDN
VDL from dried grapes
VDL from non dried grapes

Min 1 year of ageing

110
Q

Muscat of Patras and Muscat of Ria Patras gv styles

A

Muscat Blanc

VDN
VDL
Grand Cru
Sun dried

111
Q

Muscat Blanc in Greek

A

Moschato Aspro

112
Q

Monemvasia-Malvasia styles and gv?

A

Min 51% Monemvassia
+ Assyrtiko, Aspoudes, Kydonitsa

Must be min 2 years in an oxidative environment

Sun dried sweet or straw wine
VDN

113
Q

Greek term for straw wine

A

Vin Liastos

114
Q

Where is the highest level of rainfall

A

Ionian islands

115
Q

More mountainous islands Ionian or Aegean?

116
Q

Who owned Ionian islands

A

Venetians (1386-1797)
Briefly belonged to France
Than British protectorate before 1864

117
Q

Ionian islands

A 
7 main but only for 4 are viticulturally significant:
Cephalonia (only one with PDO)
Zalynthos (southernmost)
Lefkada
Corfu
118
Q

Ionian islands PDOs

A

Robola of Cephalonia (dry white, 100% Robola)

Muscat of Cephalonia (VDN, VDL, VND, VDN Grand Cru, 100% Muscat Blanc)

Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia (min 51% Mavrodaphne + Corinthian Balck, red fortified)

119
Q

Verdea grape variety

A

Skiadopoulo min 51% (before was Goustolidi)

Dry-medium dry white
Long ageing oxidative style

120
Q

Significant Aegean islands

A 
Crete
Rhodes
Samos
Santorini
Paros
Limnos
Chios
Mykonos
121
Q

PDO of Aegean islands

Except Crete

A 
Santorini
Paros
Rhodes
Lemnos
Samos
Muscat of Rhodes
Muscat of Lemnos
Malvasia of Paros
122
Q

Aegean islands 4 main group

A

Cyclades
Dodecanese
North Aegean
Sporades

123
Q

Cyclades islands

Climate

A

Hottest and driest climate

Paros
Santorini
Mykonos

124
Q

Name of Cyclades especially strong wind

125
Q

Oldest vines in Greece

A

Cyclades

No phylloxera

126
Q

What mean Santorini

A

Saint Irene

127
Q

Soils of santorini

A

Volcanic basalt

Limestone and schist

128
Q

Santorini styles and gv? Criteria

A 
Dry white (75% Assyrtiko + Athiri and Aidani )
Vinsanto (min 51% Assyrtiko)
129
Q

Red grapes gown in Santorini

A

Mavrotragano

Mandilaria

130
Q

Nykteri rules?

A

It is included in PDO
Min 13,5 abv
Overripe grapes
Must be aged 3-10 months in barrel

131
Q

Red wine of Santorini produced in Vinsanto style

A

Mezzo
Not PDO
Made from Mavrotragano and sometimes Mandilaria

132
Q

Santorini ha of vineyards

133
Q

Official name of Santorini

134
Q

Vinsanto rules and styles

A

Sun dried grapes
Sun dried fortified

Must be aged 2 y in barrels on the islands Thera or Thirasia

135
Q

PDO in Paros and styles

A 
Paros:
dry white (100% Monemvassia)
Dry red (co fermented of min 35% Mandilaria and Monemvasia)

Malvasia of Paros:
Fortified wine from Sun dried
Naturally sweet (Sun dried)
Min 85% Monemvassia + Assyrtiko

136
Q

The only one red PDO that allows inclusion of white grape

A

Paros

Mandilaria and Monemvasia

137
Q

Dodecanese PDO

Location

A

Close to Turkey

Rhodes PDO
Muscat of Rhodes

138
Q

Rhodes PDO styles and gv

A

Dry, medium dry, semisweet white
Min 70% Athiri

Dry, semi dry, semisweet red
Min 70% Mandilaria

Dry, semi dry, semisweet rose
Min 70% Mandilaria

Sparkling white and rose

139
Q

Muscat of Rhodes styles

A

Sun dried
VDN
vDN Grand Cru
VDL

From Muscat Blanc

140
Q

North Aegean islands and PDO

A

Samos

Lemnos
Muscat of Lemnos

141
Q

Samos PDO styles and gv

A

VDN
VDN Grand Cru
VDL
Sun dried

Moschato Aspro

142
Q

Lemnos and Muscat of Lemnos styles and gv

A 
Lemnos:
Dry, semi dry, semisweet white
Dry red
Sun dried
VDL

White - Moschato Alexandrias
Red - Limnio

Muscat of Lemnos:
VDN
VDN Grand Cru
VDL 
Sun dried

Moschato Alexandrias

143
Q

PDOs of Crete

A 
Sitia
Malvasia Sitia
Peza
Daphnes
Archanes
Candia
Malvasia Candia
144
Q

Southernmost and largest island

145
Q

Seas surrounding Crete

A

Aegean and Libyan sea

146
Q

Grape pomace based spirit, anise flavored

147
Q

most important districts of Crete for winemaking

A

Hania (no PDO)
Iraklio
Lasithi

148
Q

Peza styles and gv

A

Most highly regarded in Iraklion

Dry white
100% Vilana

Dry red
Katsifali and Mandilaria

149
Q

Archanes (арханес) PDO styles and gv

A

Only dry red

Kotsifali or Mandilaria

150
Q

Daphnes styles and gv

A

Dry red
VDL red
VDN and VDN grand Cru red
Vin Liastos

100% Liatiko

151
Q

Candia and Malvasia Candia styles and gv

A

Candia:
Dry white
Vilana, viadiano, Assyrtiko, Liatiko (Vinified white) and etc
Maximum 15%: Malvasia do Candia and Muscat Spinas

Red: Kotsifali and Mandilaria

Malvasia Candia:
VDN
Naturally sweet
Same grape varieties

152
Q

2 PDOs in the eastern part of Crete (Lasithi)

A

Sitia

Malvasia Sitia

153
Q

Sitia and Malvasia of Sitia styles and gv

A

Sitia:
Dry white
Min70% Vilana+ Thrasapthiri

Dry red
Min80% Liatiko + Mandilaria 
VDL 
VDN
Sun dried
100% Liatiko

Malvasia Sitia:
Vdn
Naturally sweet
Assyrtiko, Athiri, Vidiano, and etc

154
Q

What is Samos Nectar

A

Samos Nectar is one of the finest wines in the world from overripe, sun-dried grapes (Vin de Paille). It ages for min 3 years in oak barrels.
Muscat Blanc grape

Greece (1 decks)

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