estructura Flashcards

1
Q

EA

A

Energia liberada al anadir un electron a un atomo en estado gaseoso. X(s) + e —–> X- (g)

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2
Q

EI

A

Energia necesaria para arrancar un electron al atomo en estado gaseoso y fundamental X(s) + Ei —> X(g) + 1e

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3
Q

Nombre de n, y que indica

A

Numero atomico principal
Indica el periodo, el nivel energetico

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4
Q

Nombre de l, y que indica

A

Numero atomico secundario
Indica el tipo de orbital
s–0
p–1
d–2

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5
Q

Nombre de ml/m, y que indica

A

Numero atomico magnetico
Indica la orientacion del orbital
-l…..0…..+l

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6
Q

Nombre de ms/s, y que indica

A

Numero atomico de spin
Indica el giro del electron
+/- 1/2
S— 2e
p—6e
d—10e

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7
Q

eteno

A

polieteno

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8
Q

cloroeteno

A

clocuro de polivinilo (PVN)

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9
Q

Propeno

A

polipropileno

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10
Q

tetrafloroteno

A

teflon

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11
Q

OXIDACION-REDUCCION
Oxidante debil

A

OH—CHO–COOH
Alcohol— aldehido— acido

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12
Q

OXIDACION-REDUCCION
Oxidante fuerte

A

OH—CO
Alcohol—cetona
solo si las condiciones son con oxidantes fuertes y altaas T, la cetona se rompe y da una mezcla de acidos

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13
Q

R-COOH + R*-OH ->

A

CONDENSACION
Esterificacion
R-COOH + R-OH ——–R-COO-R +H2O

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14
Q

R-COOH + R-NH2 ->

A

CONDENSACION
Formacion de amidas a partir de acidos
R-COOH + R-NH2 —— R-CONH +H2O

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15
Q

R=CH2 + H2 —(Ni)->

A

ADICION
Hidratacion catalitica
R=CH2 + H2 —-(Ni)—> R-CH3

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16
Q

CH2=CH2 + Cl2 —->

A

ADICION
Halogenacion
CH2=CH2 + Cl2 —-> CHCl-CHCl

17
Q

CH2=CH2 + HBr–>

A

ADICION
Hidrohalogenacion
CH2=CH2 + HBr–> CHBr-CH3 + CH3-CHBr
Markovnikov: al que +

18
Q

CH2=CH2 + H2O–>

A

ADICION
Hidratacion
CH2=CH2 + H2O–> CH3-CHOH + CHOH-CH3
Markovnikov: al que +

19
Q

CH3-CHOH-CH2-R —-(CALOR)–>

A

ELIMINACION
Deshidratacion de alcoholes
CH3-CHOH-CH2-R —-(CALOR)–> CH2CH=CH-R
Saytef: al que -

20
Q

CH3-CHCl-CH2-R –NaOH->

A

ELIMINACION
Deshidrohalogenacion
CH3-CHCl-CH2-R –NaOH-> CH2Cl=CH-R
Saytef: al que -