Estrous and estrus Flashcards
Females unlikely to cycle
Pre-pubertal anestrus
Gestational anestrus
Post-partum anestrus
Seasonal anestrus
Four phases of bovine estrous cycle
Estrous
Metestrus
Diestrus
Proestrus
Estrus:
Graafian follicle on ovary, estrogen being produced, period of sexual receptivity
24 hours
Metestrus
Surge of Luteinizing hormone
Corpus hemorragicum develops on ovary
Initial development of Corpus Luteum
5 days
Diestrus
CL on ovary
Progesterone produced at high levels
10 days
Proestrus
CL is regressing
And follicular development is initiated again
5 days
What stimulates release of gnrh that causes release of fsh?
Suppressed progesterone levels
What is the stimulus for surge of gnrh and lh?
Presence of Graafian follicle
Estrogen
What is stimulus for decline in progesterone?
Release of prostaglandin f2 alpha
Estrous cycle length for sow
21 days
Estrous cycle length for cattle
21 days
Estrous cycle length for ewes
17 days
Estrous cycle length for mares
22 days
Estrus duration and ovulation
Sows
44 hours
Near end of estrus
Estrus duration and ovulation cattle
14-18 hours
12 hours after end of estrus
Estrus duration and ovulation ewes
30 hours
Near end of estrus
Estrus duration and ovulation mares
4-7 days
24-48 hours before end estrus
Follicular waves involve
Recruitment
Selection
Dominance
Atresia
3 reproductive behaviors females exhibit
Attractivity-attract males
Proceptivity- stimulate copulation
Receptivity-ensure insemination
Attractivity in cattle
Increased locomotion
Vocalization
Twitching and tail elevation
Proceptivity in cattle
Grooming
Mounting other females
Receptivity cattle
Homosexual mounting
Standing to be mounted
Attractivity mares
Locomotion
Erected tail flagging
Proceptivity mares
Urination stance
Receptivity mares
Present hindquarters to stallion
Labial eversion
Contractions of labia
Estrus detection mares
Rectal palpation
Teasing
Attractivity ewes
Restlessness
Proceptivity ewes
Urination
Receptivity ewes
Immobile stance
Estrus detection ewes
Marking harness
Brisket paint
Attractivity sows
Restlessness
Proceptivity and receptivity sows
Immobile stance
Estrus detection sows
Back pressure
Boar presence