Estimating Quiz 1 Flashcards
What are the Project Phases?
- Pre-Design
- Design
- Preconstruction
- Construction
- Postconstruction
What is the Slides definition of Project Team?
- Architect
- Civil and Structural Consultants
- MEPF Consultants
- Landscape Consultants, Kitchen Consultants, Ect.
What is Prof. Olsen’s definition of basic Project Team?
Architect Lead, Civil Engineer, Structural Engineer, Electrical Engineer, and Mechanical Engineer
What percent of completion is Schematic Design?
0%-30%
What percentage of completion are Design Development Drawings
30%-90%
What percentage of completion are Construction Documents?
Construction documents are final.
What is the overall design concept that illustrates key ideas of the design solution?
Schematic Design
What is a graphic solution to owner’s program?
Schematic Design
What design document has multiple revisions?
Schematic Design
At what phase is work with consultants and possibly the contractor to develop practical and pragmatic solutions to problems presented in the schematic design?
Design Development Drawings
Select components and systems which will be incorporated into the project. (Structural, Envelope, MEP). Which phase?
Design Development Drawings
At what phase are documents that are 100% complete and which can be used for construction?
Construction Documents
What phase includes dimensioned drawings that delineate the building
- floor plans
- elevations
- sections
- Large scale details?
Construction Documents
What is the traditional delivery method?
Design Bid Build
What is another name for CM @ Risk?
Early Contractor Involvement
What are the benefits to getting the contractor involved early?
Constructability, Pricing/estimating, Scheduling
On what basis are CM’s hired?
Qualification and fee
If the owner doesn’t like the GMP (Guaranteed Max Price), what can they do?
They can pay them for the work they’ve done and not accept their price.
What does GMP stand for?
Guaranteed Max Price
What delivery method reduces mods?
Design Build
Which delivery method requires more estimating effort? Traditional or Design-Build?
Design Build
In what project delivery method is Owner / Arch / Contractor / Selected Subs –all are parties to a single agreement?
Integrated Project Delivery
What does IPD stand for?
Integrated Project Delivery
What project delivery method is Shared Risk / Reward –parties pool there profits as a shared contingency, if project stays within budget profit is earned, if not profit is at risk. Risk is limited to profit.
Integrated Project Delivery
What is it called when construction starts before design is complete?
Fast Tracking
What are the Payment Methods?
a. Firm fixed price
b. Cost plus fee (GMP)
c. Unit Price
What are the Delivery Methods?
a. Design-Bid-Build
b. Design-Build
c. ECI
What are the Selection Methods?
a. Competitive Bid
b. Best Value
c. Qualifications Based
In what Selection Method does only $ matter?
Competitive Bid
What are the Design-Bid-Build Payment Methods?
a. FFP
b. Unit Price
What are the Design-Bid-Build Selection Methods?
a. Competitive Bid
b. Best Value
What are the Design-Build Payment Methods?
Can include all Selection and Payment Methods
What are the Design-Build Selection Methods?
Can include all Selection and Payment Method
What is the ECI Payment Methods?
Cost Plus
What is the ECI Selection Methods?
a. Best Value
b. Qualifications based
At what stages are estimates made in the CM@Risk (ECI) Method?
Schematic Design, Design Development (DD), Construction Documents (CD)
What is the owner’s “off ramp” at GMP?
they can decline the GMP, pay them a prenegotiated for for estimating services, and walk away
What are the two elements of fees in ECI (CM@Risk)?
profit home & office overhead
How are Preconstruction services paid for ECI (CM@Risk)?
lump sum
What method are estimates based on conceptual design & RFP?
Design Build
What method are internal estimates performed during design process to assure project stays within original contract amount?
Design Build
What estimates are made with very little design definition and not very accurate?
Order of Magnitude Estimate
What estimates are made with minimal design definition. Pricing translated for time and location. End Units (hospital beds, parking spaces, bowling lanes)?
Square Foot (End Units)
What estimates requires schematic design and macro quantities such as (floor area, roof area, skin type and area, structure, systems, etc)?
Assemblies Estimate
What estimates requires detailed plans and specifications. Quantity takeoff and pricing takes a great deal of time and expense. Sub & Supplier pricing solicited and employed?
Unit Price Estimate
Estimate Accuracy a function of what?
Design Definition
What type of info is included in Advertisement & Instructions to Bidders?
- A short description of the project to be bid
- bid date
- contact information for key project participants
- information for obtaining the plans and specs and other bidding documents
The purpose of _____ is to develop some assurances that those who may be involved in critical aspects of the Project are “responsible bidders” who have successfully completed projects of similar size and complexity and can therefore be expected to complete the Projects according to the Plans and Specifications within the required Schedule.
Prequalification
What types of questions are asked during prequalification?
- Have Skills
- Funding
- successfully completed projects of similar size and complexity
The practice of providing one competitor’s price to another competitor who is bidding on the same scope of work. (Unethical, in the future may become illegal)
Bid Shopping
Colluding with competitors to drive up the price of work. ( Illegal, can face both civil and criminal penalties)
Bid Rigging
length x width x height
Volume
length x width
Area
What is the inception of a construction project that has Narrative component and Graphical Component (such as spatial diagram)?
Building program
How can you tell if a set of plans is a construction document?
The seal or stamp is applied in the title block.
What document do contractor’s give for Design-Build from a previous design has been completed?
Bridging documents
When are estimates produced for Design-Bid-Build?
When Design is complete.
Which Delivery Method has the least amount of estimating effort?
Design-Bid-Build
At what point do the estimates change in each method besides Design-Bid-Build?
Each time the drawings are changed.
Who is the lead on design?
Architect
Order of magnitude estimating requires little work and time, but requires more of what?
Experience
What is the best way to organize an estimate?
By trade
1 CY of concrete= how many cubic feet?
27
What does SFCA stand for?
Square Ft of Contact Area
How is rebar measured?
In tons (2,000 lbs)
How much does the letter “C” represent?
100
How much does the letter “M” represent?
1,000
What direction is the top sheet of the plans sheet?
North
How much do contractors typically make on a job?
3%-5% net profit
How much to subcontractors typically make on a job?
10%-15% net profit
Home office overhead =
Home Office Expenses/Estimated annual revenue
What is the inception of the construction project?
Predesign Phase
What are the steps of the predesign phase?
- Define building program (Narrative & Spatial Diagram)
- Assess economic feasibility
- Site assessment and/or selection
- Assess governmental constraints
- Select design team
What are the Contractor’s Pre-construction Activities?
- Planning
- Estimating
- Bidding
- Consulting (Constructability Analysis)
- Purchasing
What are the Estimating Disciplines?
Quantification & Pricing
What is the most accurate type of estimate?
Unit Price
What type of term is used for Order of magnitude, Sq ft/CF, and Assemblies Estimate?
Conceptual Estimate
What are costs related to a specific project?
Jobsite Overhead
What are costs not related to a specific project but necessary to keep the construction company operating?
Home Office Overhead
What are the three basic steps required in detailed estimating?
- -QuantityTakeoff
- -Pricing
- -MarkupsandAdjustments
What skills are necessary to perform a detailed
estimate?
-Plan Reading, Scoping & Visualization
If a GC decides to bid what is the first thing they need to do?
start soliciting members for the project team
A competitive advantage for GC’s can include…
- detailed information about the site
- intimate knowledge of the local labor force
- intimate knowledge of the owner’s representatives and their expectations.
What is the practice in which a subcontractor will provide a lower price to you as their preferred General Contractor then to the other GC’s bidding the same project?
Subcontractor Protection
What is the name of a list that contains a sufficient number of subcontractors for each scope of work?
Yes List
