Estimates

Question 1

It is a logical and sensible assumptions of the quantities, qualities, values, or degrees of a set of subjects.

Answer 1

Estimates

Question 2

These are mathematical algorithms used to estimate the costs of a product or a project

Answer 2

Cost Estimation Models

Question 3

It is concerned with knowing the probable total cost of a project

Answer 3

Cost Estimates

Question 4

It is a preliminary estimation technique that aims to establish the quantity of each material for a project, not yet considering their cost.

Answer 4

Quantity Survey

Question 5

It is concerned with the determination of probable cost of labor by logical assumptions of the productivity of the workers.

Answer 5

Productivity Estimates

Question 6

It is a list of materials needed for a project. It usually presents the probable cost for each item

Answer 6

Bill of Materials

Question 7

It is a review of the plan and design of a project so as to coordinate with the sizes and specifications of construction materials. Its aim is to avoid wastage and maximize the use of each material.

Answer 7

Value Engineering

Question 8

It is also concerned with other items that may reduce the cost of a construction project or speed-up the project construction.

Answer 8

Value Engineering

Question 9

It is an estimate that breaks the subject down into as many items or components as possible. Each component are often described with specifications.

Answer 9

Detailed Estimate

Question 10

It is an estimate that is computed in general and vague it is often an assumption by area, volume, or bulk.

Answer 10

Rough Estimate

Question 11

It is an assumption of the totality of an item without consideration of its specific components.

Answer 11

Lump Sum

Question 12

It is a stone-like material formed by mixing cement and aggregate with water.

Answer 12

Concrete

Question 13

Concrete solidifies and hardens after mixing and placement due to a chemical process known as:

Answer 13

Hydration

Question 14

It is a binder, a substance which sets and hardens independently, and can bind other materials together

Answer 14

Cement

Question 15

It was coined by James Parker in 1796 England

Answer 15

Roman Cement

Question 16

It was patented by James Frost in 1822 England

Answer 16

British Cement

Question 17

It was patented by Joseph Aspdin in 1824 England. pattented by his son William Aspdin in 1843 England

Answer 17

Portland Cement

Question 18

It was first recognized in 1867 Germany

Answer 18

Modern Portland Cement

Question 19

It is a general term for various naturally occurring minerals and materials derived from them, in which carbonates, oxides and hydroxides of calcium predominate.

Answer 19

Lime

Question 20

It is the chemical compound silicon dioxide. It is found in nature in several forms, including quartz and opal

Answer 20

Silica

Question 21

Also called Aluminum oxide is a chemical compound of aluminum and oxygen. It is an excellent thermal and electrical insulator

Answer 21

Alumina

Question 22

It is a mixture of small iron pieces with ammonium chloride, used to join iron or steel surfaces.

Answer 22

Iron oxide

Question 23

Also called Magnesium oxide is a white solid mineral that is formed by an ionic bond between one magnesium and one oxygen atom

Answer 23

Magnesia

Question 24

It is a chemical compound that is prepared on massive scale as a precursor to sulfuric acid.

Answer 24

Sulfur Trioxide

Question 25

What are the types of cement?

Answer 25

Ordinary Portland Cement Rapid-hardening Portland Cement Portland Blast Furnace or Sulphate Low-heat Portland Cement Portland Pozzolan Cement High Alumina Cement

Question 26

These are materials in the form of powder or fluids that are added to the concrete to give it certain characteristics not obtainable with plain concrete mixes.

Answer 26

Admixtures

Question 27

Admixture dosages are less than ___ by mass of cement, and are added to the concrete at the time of batching/mixing

Answer 27

5%

Question 28

They speed up the hydration (hardening) of the concrete

Answer 28

Accelerators

Question 29

They slow down the hydration of concrete

Answer 29

Retarders

Question 30

They add and distribute tiny air bubbles in the concrete which will reduce damage during freeze-thaw cycles (Weathering)

Answer 30

Air-entrainers

Question 31

They increase the workability of plastic or "fresh" concrete, allowing it be placed more easily with less consolidating effort. It reduces the water content of a concrete while maintaining workability. This improves its strength and durability characteristics

Answer 31

Plasticizers or Water Reducers

Question 32

It can be used to change the color of concrete for aesthetics

Answer 32

Pigments

Question 33

They are used to minimize the corrosion of steel in concrete

Answer 33

Corrosion inhibitors

Question 34

They are used to create a bond between old and new concrete

Answer 34

Bonding agents

Question 35

They improve pumpability, thicken the paste, and reduce dewatering of the paste.

Answer 35

Pumping aids

Question 36

They are materials used in construction, including sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, or recycled crushed concrete.

Answer 36

Aggregates

Question 37

It is an artificial stone made by forming clay into rectangular blocks which are hardened, either by burning in a kiln or sometimes, in warm countries, by sun-drying.

Answer 37

Brick

Question 38

These are concrete block, breeze block, or cinder block, is a large rectangular brick used in construction. Concrete blocks are made from cast concrete formed into blocks.

Answer 38

Concrete Masonry Units (CMU)

Question 39

It is a mixture of suitable plaster sand, portland cement, & water which is normally applied to masonry interiors and exteriors to achieve a smooth surface.

Answer 39

Cement Plaster

Question 40

It is a material used in masonry to fill the gaps between bricks and bind them together.

Answer 40

Mortar

Question 41

It is a material made of aggregates, binder, and water which is applied wet, and hardens when it dries. It is used as a coating for walls and ceilings and for decoration.

Answer 41

Stucco or Render

Question 42

Class AA Ratio (Cement : Sand : Gravel)

Answer 42

1:2:3

Question 43

Class A Ratio (Cement : Sand : Gravel)

Answer 43

1:2:4

Question 44

Class B Ratio (Cement : Sand : Gravel)

Answer 44

1:2.5:5

Question 45

Class C Ratio (Cement : Sand : Gravel)

Answer 45

1:3:6

Question 46

Class D Ratio (Cement : Sand : Gravel)

Answer 46

1:3.5:7