ESTIM

Question 1

what does the pt feel

Answer 1

the current

Question 2

pulsed curent

Answer 2

starts and stops

rapid on and off - excites the nerve and muscle

Question 3

monophasic

Answer 3

current flow in one direction

leave charge in the tissue - polar effect

Question 4

biphasic

Answer 4

the current flows in two direction

no net current left

Question 5

continuous current - effect

Answer 5

there is no neuromuscular effect

Question 6

pulse width

Answer 6

duration

Question 7

pulse amp

Answer 7

intensity

Question 8

pulse rate

Answer 8

freq

Question 9

what is a phase

Answer 9

current flow in a single direction

a pulse may have one or more phases

Question 10

what is pulse duration

Answer 10

sum of time for all phases of the pulse

Question 11

what happens when we increase pulse duration

Answer 11

increases the recruitment of nerve fibers of progressively smaller size

more motor unit recruited

Question 12

what is pulse amp

Answer 12

intensity of the stimulus

Question 13

what happens with we increase pulse amp

Answer 13

increase the depth of stimulation - recruit more nerve fibers of the same size

greater the amp - more more units recruited

Question 14

what happens with greater pulse duration and peak amp

Answer 14

more painful stim - discomfort

Question 15

what is pulse rate

Answer 15

the rep. of each pulse

Question 16

what happen as pulse rate increases

Answer 16

the firing rate of a nerve incerase

more motor units fire more freq.

Question 17

1-10 pps

Answer 17

twitch

Question 18

10-30 pps

Answer 18

unfused tetany

Question 19

=>30 pps

Answer 19

tentatic muscle contraction

Question 20

what is the edge effect

Answer 20

current takes the shortest path between electrodes

closer electrode less deep

Question 21

what is Motor Point

Answer 21

the point where the muscle is at its highest excitability

Question 22

what is a surge

Answer 22

ramp to peak intensity also ramp to decrease

Question 23

what is a muscle twtich

Answer 23

a brief, sudden muscle movement

Question 24

tetany

Answer 24

involuntary muscle contractions and overly stimulated peripheral nerves

Question 25

what are estim contra

Answer 25

DVT

hemorraghe

pregnant uterus

eyes, uterus, carotid sinus, head, reproductive organs

impaired cognition or communication

regenrating nerves

damaged or at risk skin

infection

maligancy

recently radiated tissue

impaired sensation

Question 26

who is a candidate for nmes

Answer 26

disuse atrophy

steriod induced myopathy

aging-related changes

post-surgery, reflex inhibition

UMN insult

Question 27

what is NMES indicated for

Answer 27

muscle reduction - poor requiretment and inadiquet motor control

Question 28

tens - gate control theory

Answer 28

estim provides a counter irritant to pain that closes the gait on pain preception

Question 29

endogenous opioid theory - tens

Answer 29

delivery at a noxious level to promotes the release of endogenous opioids

Question 30

tens at the sensory level do we see muscular cocntraction

Answer 30

no

Question 31

tens sensory level -

Answer 31

short pulse duration at a high rate

low intensity

counter irritant

Question 32

TENS sensory is for what kind of pain

Answer 32

acute pain

Question 33

sensory tens what kind of nerve fibers

Answer 33

superficial

large diamter

Question 34

tens at the motor level what kind of motor contraction

Answer 34

twitch

Question 35

tens at the motor level is used for what kind of pain

Answer 35

subacute/acute

Question 36

motor level tens - characteristics

Answer 36

long duration and low rate

Question 37

tens noxious level - characteristic

Answer 37

long duration and low rate
high intensity

Question 38

tens noxious level - releases what

Answer 38

endogenous opiates

Question 39

tens noxious level - muscle contraction

Answer 39

painful stimulus

Answer 40

muscle contraction