Esthetics Flashcards by Nichole Martin

COSMIC CHEMISTRY I

What are the 2 types of emulsions?

Oil in water

2. Water in oil

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COSMIC CHEMISTRY I

Products that contain no water are called

Anhydrous

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COSMIC CHEMISTRY I

Certified colors are also known as metal salts and are known for being

Intense

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COSMIC CHEMISTRY I

Name 5 non certified colors

Zinc Oxide
Iron Oxide
Carmine
Mica
Ultramarine

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COSMIC CHEMISTRY II

What are two of the fattiest and heaviest oils used in cosmetics?

Coconut

2. Palm

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COSMIC CHEMISTRY II

Esthers are easily recognized because ___

They almost always end in “-ate”

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COSMIC CHEMISTRY II

What distinguishes between drugs and cosmetics?

The Cosmetic Act of 1938

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COSMIC CHEMISTRY II

What term describes a products tendency to worsen the build up of dead cells?

Comedogenicity

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YOUR PROFESSIONAL IMAGE

______ is one of the most important concerns clients have regarding professional ethics

Confidentiality

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YOUR PROFESSIONAL IMAGE

This practice calms and energizes you for your workday

Deep breathing 👃🏼

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YOUR PROFESSIONAL IMAGE

______ can help capillary problems, dehydration, and sensitivity

Cleansers

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YOUR PROFESSIONAL IMAGE

FDA is an acronym for

Food & Drug Administration

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BASICS OF ELECTRICITY I

Electricity is

the flow of negatively charged subatomic particles

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BASICS OF ELECTRICITY I

Another word for Tesla (in the salon) is

High Frequency ⚡

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BASICS OF ELECTRICITY I

Name the 5 measurements of electricity

Volt
Amp
Millimpere
Ohm
Watt

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BASICS OF ELECTRICITY I

Name and describe the 4 modalities of electrotherapy

Galvanic
Frederic
Sinusoidal
Tesla

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BASICS OF ELECTRICITY II

Infrared rays make up ___% of natural sunlight

60%

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BASICS OF ELECTRICITY II

Ultraviolet rays make up ___% of natural sunlight

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BASICS OF ELECTRICITY II

Do not use negative galvanic current on skin with these 4 conditions

Broken capillaries
Pustular acne
High blood pressure or
Metal implants

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BASICS OF ELECTRICITY II

High frequency current should not be used on people with these 6 conditions

Epilepsy
Asthma
High blood pressure
Sinus blockage
Pacemaker or
Metal implants

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ODD STUFF

Estrogen from plant sources is how much stronger or weaker than estrogen from animal sources?

400 x weaker

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ODD STUFF

Allantoin is used in aftershave, cold creams, but not in

massage lotions

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ODD STUFF

Neon produces 1.______ light, argon produces 2.______ light, and combination produces 3.______ light

red light
blue light
purple/violet light

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ODD STUFF

The superficial temporal artery is a continuation of the

external carotid artery

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ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I The two other names for the cheek bone

zygomatic bone & malar bone

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I The spinal cord Has how many pairs of nerves?

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I Name the 3 parts of most cells

1. Nucleus 2. Cytoplasm 3. Membrane

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I What are the two types of metabolism & describe them

Anabolism (building) & Catabolism (reducing)

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY II The cranium is made up of how many bones?

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY II The kidneys excrete ___, ___, & ___

water, waste products, and toxic products of digestion

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY II What bone joins all the bones of the cranium?

Sphenoid

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY II Name the 10 body systems

1. Circulatory 2. Digestion 3. Endocrine 4. Excretory 5. Reproductive 6. Muscular 7. Respiratory 8. Skeletal 9. Integumentary 10. Nervous

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY III What are the five parts of human blood?

1. red corpuscles 2. white corpuscles 3. platelets 4. plasma 5. hemoglobin

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY IV The ______ system is the largest organ in the body

Integumentary system

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY IV ______ are the cells that produce pigment granules in the basal layer of the skin

melanocytes

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY IV Another word for “sweat glands” is _____?

Sudoriferous glands

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY IV What are apocrine glands

sweat glands under arms & genitals connected to oil glands

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY IV What are eccrine glands

sweat glands all over the body connected to hair follicles

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN I The innermost layer of the epidermis is called the

stratum germinativum

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN I ______ are the nerve endings that are sensitive to touch & pressure

Tactile corpuscles

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN I Tactile corpuscles are

the nerve endings that are sensitive to touch & pressure

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN I Describe Pellagra

Niacin deficiency which causes skin problems, mental disorders & death

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN I Niacin deficiency which causes skin problems, mental disorders & death is called ______

Pellagra

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN I Name the 5 layers of skin

1. Stratum Germinativum 2. Stratum Spinosum 3. Stratum Granulosum 4. Stratum Lucidum 5. Stratum Corneum

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN II Where are fat-soluble vitamins stored?

Liver & adipose tissue

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN II What does the liver & adipose tissue store?

Fat-soluble vitamins

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN II In what layer of the skin does cell division occur continuously?

Basal cell layer

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN II Where is the stratum lucidem found?

Palms of hands & soles of feet

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN II Palms of hands & soles of feet is where the ___ is found

Stratum lucidem

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN II What is the other name for B1?

Thiamine

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN II Thiamine is also called/known as

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN II What is the other name for B2?

Riboflavin

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN II Riboflavin is also called/known as

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN III Which layer connects the dermis to the epidermis?

Papillary

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN III The Papillary connects

The dermis to the epidermis

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN III What surrounds the cells in the epidermis?

Lipids

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN III Lipids surround the

Cells in the epidermis

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN III How many extra calories does it take for the body to store 1 pound of fat?

3,500

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN III 3,500 is how many extra calories you need to store

1 pound of fat

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN III Cholestral & phospholipids (synthesized by pantothenic acids) make up the

Skins barrier function

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN III The skins barrier function is made up of

Cholestral & phospholipids (synthesized by pantothenic acids)

PHYSIOLOGY/HISTOLOGY OF SKIN III Cholestral & phospholipids is

synthesized by pantothenic acid

CHEMISTRY I How do surfactants work?

They act as a bridge allowing substances to emulsify

CHEMISTRY I ______ act as a bridge allowing substances to emulsify

Surfactants

CHEMISTRY I Matter can be classified into what three main groups

elements, compounds, & mixtures

CHEMISTRY I Miscible liquids are

mutually soluble

CHEMISTRY I What is redox?

A contraction for reduction-oxidation

CHEMISTRY I A contraction for reduction-oxidation is called

Redox

CHEMISTRY II What is pH & why do we care?

Potential Hydrogen determines the acidity/alkalinity of a substance

CHEMISTRY II The acid mantle is formed by what two substances?

Sebum & sweat

CHEMISTRY II Sebum & sweat form

The acid mantle

CHEMISTRY II A surfactant molecule has 2 parts, what are they?

Hydrophilic & lipophilic

CHEMISTRY II Hydrophilic & lipophilic are the 2 parts of a

Surfactant molecule

CHEMISTRY II An oxidizing agent does what?

releases oxygen

SKIN DISORDER/DISEASES I Primary lesions include

pimples , freckles, & mosquito bites

SKIN DISORDER/DISEASES I Pimples , freckles, & mosquito bites are

Primary lesions

SKIN DISORDER/DISEASES I Erythema is

redness caused by inflammation

SKIN DISORDER/DISEASES I Redness caused by inflammation is called?

Erythema

SKIN DISORDER/DISEASES I What is Tinea

Fungal infection

SKIN DISORDER/DISEASES I What is Tinea corporis

Ringworm

SKIN DISORDER/DISEASES I Describe Tinea versicolor

yeast Infection interferes with melanin production

SKIN DISORDER/DISEASES I What is Verruca?

Warts

SKIN DISORDER/DISEASES I A fungal infection is called

Tinea

SKIN DISORDER/DISEASES I Ringworm is

Tinea corporis

SKIN DISORDER/DISEASES I Yeast Infection interferes with melanin production describes

Tinea versicolor

SKIN DISORDER/DISEASES I Warts are also referred to as

Verruca

SANITATION & DISINFECTION I Which caustic poison is a safe disinfectant?

Phenol

SANITATION & DISINFECTION I Phenol is a ______ & ______

Caustic poison and is a safe disinfectant

SANITATION & DISINFECTION I Which caustic poison is a safe on plastic?

Quats

SANITATION & DISINFECTION I Quats is a ______ & ______

Caustic poison and is a safe on plastic

SANITATION & DISINFECTION I What does the abbreviation “OPIM” stand for?

Other Potentially Infectious Materials

SANITATION & DISINFECTION I Other Potentially Infectious Materials is abbreviated as

OPIM

SANITATION & DISINFECTION II The other two names for bacteria are

Germs & microorganisms

SANITATION & DISINFECTION II Germs and microorganisms are two other names for

bacteria

SANITATION & DISINFECTION II Why are bacteria spores so hard to kill?

They are the most resistant form of life on Earth

SANITATION & DISINFECTION II What is the most resistant form of life on Earth?

bacteria spores

SANITATION & DISINFECTION II The two phases of the life cycle of bacteria are

1. active and 2. spore-forming state

SANITATION & DISINFECTION II What are the six classifications of pathogenic bacteria?

1. cocci 2. staphylococci 3. streptococci 4. diplococci 5. bacilli 6. spirilla)

SANITATION & DISINFECTION III A container with bio-hazard sticker used for placing contaminated waste is called a?

Sharps box/container

SANITATION & DISINFECTION III A sharps box/container is a

container with bio-hazard sticker used for placing contaminated waste

SANITATION & DISINFECTION III What is “aseptic procedure”?

The proper handling of sterilized and disinfected equipment and supplies

SANITATION & DISINFECTION III The proper handling of sterilized and disinfected equipment and supplies is called

aseptic procedure

SANITATION & DISINFECTION III What are “universal precautions” in regards to sterilization and disinfection?

Cautions to treat all human blood and body fluids as being infected

SANITATION & DISINFECTION III Cautions to treat all human blood and body fluids as being infected are

“universal precautions” in regards to sterilization and disinfection

SANITATION & DISINFECTION III What is “sanitation”

Significantly reducing number of pathogens on surface

SANITATION & DISINFECTION III What is “disinfection”

Killing all germs but not spores

SANITATION & DISINFECTION III What is “sterilization”

Kills all germs and spores

SANITATION & DISINFECTION III Significantly reducing number of pathogens on surface is called

Sanitation

SANITATION & DISINFECTION III Killing all germs but not spores is called

Disinfection

SANITATION & DISINFECTION III Killing all germs and spores is called

Sterilization

SKIN ANALYSIS What is skin called that does not produce enough oil?

Alipidic skin

SKIN ANALYSIS Alipidic skin doesn't

Does not produce enough oil.

SKIN ANALYSIS What are AHA’s

Alphahydroxy acids

SKIN ANALYSIS What are the 6 most common skin conditions estheticians treat?

1. Adult acne 2. Actinic damage 3. Hormonal fluctuations 4. Dehydration 5. Pigmentation 6. Rosacea

SKIN ANALYSIS Describe the Fitzpatrick Scale and the 6 skin types – (ability to tolerate sun exposure)

1. Very fair / always burns 2. Fair / burns easily 3. Very common / sometimes burns, tans gradually 4. Mediterranean Caucasian / rarely burns, always tans 5. Mideastern skin / tans 6. Black / tans easily

HAIR REMOVAL How many follicles per square-inch are there on the face?

3,200

HAIR REMOVAL What part of your body makes your hairs stand up?

The arrector pili muscle

HAIR REMOVAL The arrector pili muscle

Is the part of your body that makes your hairs stand up

HAIR REMOVAL Name 3 stages of hair growth and describe them.

1. Anagen (growth) 2. Catagen (regression) 3. Telogen (resting)

HAIR REMOVAL Anagen (growth), Catagen (regression) and Telogen (resting) are

The 3 stages of hair growth

HAIR REMOVAL What are two terms describing excessive hair called and describe them?

1. Hirsutism (face, arms, legs) | 2. Hypertrichosis (hair where it normally doesn’t grow)

HAIR REMOVAL Hirsutism (face, arms, legs) & Hypertrichosis (hair where it normally doesn’t grow) are

Two terms describing excessive hair

OTHER Graying hair is harder to remove because?

The root system increases by 50%

OTHER What is the most common magnification power used, and explain the measurement

5-diopter or 50 times magnification

OTHER When preforming disincrustation the electrode the esthetician holds is set on?

Negative

OTHER What three herbs help reduce hyperpigmentation?

1. Mulberry 2. Licorice root 3. Bearberry (same as Uva Ursi)

OTHER Mulberry, Licorice root and Bearberry are the three herbs that

help reduce hyperpigmentation

PRODUCT SELECTION Plaster masks use _____ in their preparation

Gypsum

PRODUCT SELECTION Which plant extract has deodorant & astringent qualities?

Rose

PRODUCT SELECTION Roses have

deodorant & astringent qualities

PRODUCT SELECTION Another name for “vegetal peal” is _____?

Gommage

PRODUCT SELECTION Gommage is another name for

Vegetal peel

PRODUCT SELECTION Enzyme peals use _____ which helps speed up the breakdown of keratin in the skin.

Keratolytic enzymes

PRODUCT SELECTION Keratolytic enzymes do what?

helps speed up the breakdown of keratin in the skin

MACHINES What is the chemical term for ozone which is produced by many steamers?

MACHINES What is the term for pushing product into the skin with a galvanic machine?

Iontophoresi

MISC QUESTIONS I Acrochordons are also referred to as?

Skin tags

MISC QUESTIONS I Skin tags are?

Acrochordons

MISC QUESTIONS II The simplest form of a chemical is known as?

A molecule

MISC QUESTIONS II A product used to dilute an essential oil is known as?

Carrier

MISC QUESTIONS II A face lift is also referred to as a

Rhytidectomy

MISC QUESTIONS II Systemic hyaluronic acid is a strong water-binder that helps retain fluid content in the

Dermis

MISC QUESTIONS III The first step of every body treatment protocol is

Sanitize hands

MISC QUESTIONS III What temporary method of hair removal accelerates the shedding of the horny layer of the skin?

Depilatory

MISC QUESTIONS III Prior to receiving a chemical peel, a client predisposed to herpes simples should begin a prescribed treatment of

an antiviral

MISC QUESTIONS III Hair grows from the papilla by multiplication of the

Matrix cells

MISC QUESTIONS IV Electrolysis is recognized as the only proven method of permanent hair removal by the

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

MISC QUESTIONS IV Which of the following is also referred to as the basal layer?

Stratum germinativum

MISC QUESTIONS IV Dilated capillaries that can be seen beneath the surface of the skin are known as

Telangectasia

MISC QUESTIONS IV What is the term for the scientific study of the skin?

Dermatology

MISC QUESTIONS IV Dermatology is the term for?

the scientific study of the skin

MISC QUESTIONS IV Melanocytes that are more active will produce

Darker skin