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Chemistry: 23.1 - Reactions in Organic Chemistry > Esterification > Flashcards

Esterification Flashcards

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1
Q

How are esters formed?

A

They are formed when an alcohol and a carboxylic acid react together

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2
Q

Why is the name given to the reaction that takes place to form an ester?

A

A condensation reaction

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3
Q

Why is the reaction that takes place when forming an ester referred to as a condensation reaction?

A

Since water is formed in the reaction

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4
Q

Why can the condensation reaction during the formation of an ester also be referred to as a substitution reaction?

A

Since the H attached to the -OH group in the carboxylic acid molecule have been replaced by an alkyl group

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5
Q

What is the formation of an ester commonly referred to as?

A

Esterification

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6
Q

What is commonly referred to as esterification?

A

The formation of an ester

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7
Q

What type of a reaction is esterification?

A

An equilibrium reaction

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8
Q

How is a state of equilibrium set up during esterification?

A

Because the ester formed reacts with water to form the carboxylic acid and alcohol that formed the ester

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9
Q

What is the reverse reaction of esterification/condensation?

A

Hydrolysis

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10
Q

How are esters hydrolysed easily?

A

They are hydrolysed very effectively in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide

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11
Q

Esters are hydrolysed very easily in the presence of bases such as what?
(2)

A

Sodium hydroxide

Potassium hydroxide

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12
Q

Are sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide acids or bases?

A

Bases

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13
Q

What is formed from the base hydrolysis of esters using sodium hydroxide?

A

It forms the sodium salt of the carboxylic acid rather than the carboxylic acid itself

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14
Q

Why is base hydrolysis of an ester to form the sodium salt of the carboxylic acid important?

A

It used in the manufacturer of soap

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15
Q

What is base hydrolysis of esters using sodium hydroxide to form the salt of the carboxylic acid also called?

A

Saponification

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16
Q

What is saponification also called?

A

Base-catalysed hydrolysis of esters

17
Q

What does the catalytic step involve?

A

It involves the OH- ions from the NaOH (sodium hydroxide) and results in the formation of the acid and alcohol

18
Q

Why is referring to saponification as ‘base-catalysed hydrolysis of esters’ not strictly correct?

A

As the sodium hydroxide is used up in the reaction (unlike a catalyst)

19
Q

During what step is the OH- from the NaOH used up?

A

The second non-catalytic stage

Chemistry: 23.1 - Reactions in Organic Chemistry (22 decks)

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