Essential Words for the TOEFL - Lesson 11 Flashcards
TOEFL
amenity
n. something that makes life easier or more enjoyable
syn. convenience
She missed all the amenities of home when she went camping.
One expects many amenities at a five-star hotel.
disperse
adj. ?
adj. dispersed
v. to cause to move in many different locations
sym. circulate
The hight winds and rain dispersed the crowd.
After the hurricane, dispersed belongings cluttered the street.
dwelling
n. ?
v. ?
n. dweller
v. dwell
n. where people live
syn. house
Cavelike dwellings have been discovered throughout the world.
City dwellers often have trouble adjusting to life in the country.
element
adj. ?
n. ?
adj. elemental
n. element
n. a part of the whole/environment
syn. component
City dwellers are out of their element in the country.
Hard work and perseverance are the basic elements of success.
elementary
adj. simple in structure, easy to do
syn. primary
The solution to the problem was actually quite elementary.
You must take Elementary Physics before you can enroll in the advanced course.
eliminate
adj. ?
n. ?
adj. eliminated
n. elimination
v. to remove, free oneself of something
syn. delete
Mistakes must be eliminated before you hand in a term paper.
The elimination of the runner from the race was decided by the judge.
emerge
n.
n. emergence
v. to come into view, or existence
syn. appear
It took an hour for the newborn chick to emerge from its egg.
The sun emerged from the thick rain clouds, giving hope that the game would be played.
emphasize
adv. ?
adj. ?
n. ?
adv. emphatically
adj. emphatic
n. emphasis
v. to show that something is especially important or exceptional
syn. highlight
The professor emphasized certain aspects of the historical period.
When asked if they would like to leave class early, the students answered with an emphatic “yes.”
encircle
adj. ?
adj. encircled
v. to make a circle around
syn. surround
The players encircled their coach after winning the big game.
The encircled celebrity actually became afraid of her fans.
erratic
adv. ?
adv. erratically
adj. no regular pattern in thinking or movement; changeable without reason
syn. inconsistent
The artist’s paintings have an erratic quality, some being excellent, and others mediocre.
The unstable chemical reacted erratically.
exaggerate
adj. ?
n. ?
adj. exaggerated
n. exaggeration
v. to make something more than what it is
syn. overstate
The federal government exaggerated the success of its programs.
To say that his business is successful would be a slight exaggeration.
integral
adv. ?
n. ?
adv. integrally
n. integrallity
v. to be an essential or basic part of something
syn. vital
Knowledge of spelling is an integral part of writing in any language.
A film’s music is integral to drawing the viewers into the story.
justify
n. ?
adj. ?
n. justification
adj. justiflably
v. to show to be right or reasonable to support
syn. defend
The young boy could not justify his rude behavior.
There was no justification for the criminal’s attack.
mention
adj. ?
n. ?
adj. mentioned
n. mention
v. to say; relate in written form
syn. remark
Theatergoers often mention that they enjoy watching movies on a large screen.
The book mentioned above was included in the bibliography that was handed out in class last week.
mortify
n. ?
n. mortification
v. to embarrass
syn. humiliate
He was mortified upon forgetting his lines during the play.
She mortified her son by showing Alice his baby pictures.
