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Linux+ 104 > Essential System Services > Flashcards

Essential System Services Flashcards

1
Q 
Which file, when using Sendmail or a compatible MTA system, will allow a user to redirect all of their mail to another address and is configurable by the user themselves?
A. /etc/alias
B. /etc/mail/forwarders
C. ~/.alias
D. ~/.forward
A

~/.forward

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2
Q 
Which of the following commands pauses the CUPS printer LaserPrinter?
A. cupsreject LaserPrinter
B. cupsreject -d LaserPrinter
C. cupsdisable -d LaserPrinter
D. cupsdisable LaserPrinter
A

cupsdisable LaserPrinter

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3
Q 
Which of the following are commonly used Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) applications? (Choose THREE correct answers.)
A. Postfix
B. Procmail
C. Sendmail
D. Exim
E. SMTPd
A

Postfix
Sendmail
Exim

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4
Q 
Which of the following commands lists all queued print jobs?
A. lpd
B. lpr
C. lp
D. lpq
A

lpq

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5
Q

What is NTP?
A. A more secure protocol replacement for FTP.
B. A protocol for synchronizing time on computers.
C. A routing aid for finding next hops on a network.
D. A simple tunnelling protocol for computers behind firewalls.

A

A protocol for synchronizing time on computers.

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6
Q

What is true regarding the time in a Linux system?
A. The BIOS clock of a computer always indicates the current local time and time zone.
B. Each application must convert the Unix time to the current time zone which is usually done by using standard libraries.
C. When the system is on the network, each query for the current time leads to a new network connection to a time server.
D. When the system time changes, running processes must be restarted in order to get the correct time.

A

Each application must convert the Unix time to the current time zone which is usually done by using standard libraries.

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7
Q

Which of the following is true regarding the mail queue of a mail server? (Choose TWO correct answers.)
A. The messages in the queue must be readable by all users as the queue may contain messages for several users.
B. According to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) the queue is located at /var/mail/spool.
C. There is exactly one mail queue per user which holds all new messages for that user before they are moved to other folders by the user’s mail client.
D. The queue holds all messages that are processed by the mail server but have not yet been completely delivered.
E. The content of the mail queue can be queried by the command mailq.

A

D. The queue holds all messages that are processed by the mail server but have not yet been completely delivered.

E. The content of the mail queue can be queried by the command mailq.

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8
Q

Why should an NTP client maintain connections to several NTP servers?
A. To receive NTP information every second as each server transmits NTP pings every five seconds only.
B. To improve the precision of the time by comparing responses from several servers.
C. To not overload the remote server in case the local NTP time cache is not enabled.
D. To not lose contact with all NTP servers in case the client changes networks.

A

To improve the precision of the time by comparing responses from several servers.

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9
Q

With syslog, what is a facility?
A. Facilities are different connection interfaces to syslog. Each facility has its own device in /dev/syslog/.
B. From syslog’s point of view, each Unix process that issues messages is a facility.
C. Facilities describe the severity of a log message such as emerg or info.
D. When using remote logging, the hostname of the server that generated a message is called facility.
E. Facilities describe categories or groups of messages such as mail or auth.

A

Facilities describe categories or groups of messages such as mail or auth.

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10
Q 
Which of the following files holds the configuration for journald when running systemd?
A. /etc/systemd/journalctl.conf
B. /etc/systemd/journald.conf
C. /etc/systemd/systemd-journald.conf
D. /etc/systemd/systemd-journalctl.conf
E. /usr/lib/systemd/journalctl.conf
A

B. /etc/systemd/journald.conf

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11
Q 
Which of the following are commonly used Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) applications? (Choose THREE correct answers.)
A. Postfix
B. Procmail
C. Sendmail
D. Exim
E. SMTPd
A

Postfix
Sendmail
Exim

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12
Q

Which of the following is observed and corrected by a NTP client?
A. The skew in time between the system clock and the hardware clock.
B. The skew in time between the system clock and the reference clock.
C. Changes in the time zone of the current computer’s location.
D. Adjustments needed to support Daylight Saving Time.

A

The skew in time between the system clock and the reference clock.

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13
Q

Which command is used to sync the hardware clock to the system clock? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)

A

hwclock, /sbin/hwclock, /usr/sbin/hwclock

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14
Q

Which command, available with all MTAs, is used to list the contents of the MTA’s mail queue? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)

A

mailq, /usr/bin/mailq, sendmail -bp, /usr/sbin/sendmail -bp, /usr/lib/sendmail -bp,
sendmail, /usr/sbin/sendmail, /usr/lib/sendmail

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15
Q

Please specify the top directory containing the configuration files for the CUPS printing system. (Specify the full path to the directory.)

A

/etc/cups, /etc/cups/

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16
Q 
Which of the following is a legacy program provided by CUPS for sending files to the printer queues on the command line?
A. lpd
B. lpp
C. lpq
D. lpr
A

lpr

17
Q

What entry can be added to the syslog.conf file to have all syslog messages generated by a system displayed on console 12?

A. *.* /dev/tty12
B. /var/log/messages | /dev/tty12
C. | /dev/tty12
D. syslog tty12
E. mail.* /dev/tty12
A

. /dev/tty12

18
Q

What is true about the ntpdate command?
A. It is the primary management command for the NTP time server.
B. It updates the local system’s date (i.e. day, month and year) but not the time (i.e. hours, minutes, seconds).
C. It queries one or more NTP time servers and adjusts the system time accordingly.
D. It sends the local system time to one or many remote NTP time servers for redistribution.
E. It can be used by any user to set the user clock independently of the system clock.

A

It queries one or more NTP time servers and adjusts the system time accordingly.

19
Q

What is true regarding the file ~/.forward?
A. As it is owned by the MTA and not writable by the user, it must be edited using the editaliases command.
B. After editing ~/.forward the user must run newaliases to make the mail server aware of the changes.
C. Using ~/.forward, root may configure any email address whereas all other users may configure only their own addresses.
D. When configured correctly, ~/.forward can be used to forward each incoming mail to more than one other recipient.

A

When configured correctly, ~/.forward can be used to forward each incoming mail to more than one other recipient.

20
Q 
Which of the following commands is used to rotate, compress, and mail system logs?
A. rotatelog
B. striplog
C. syslogd --rotate
D. logrotate
E. logger
A

logrotate

Linux+ 104 (6 decks)

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