essential readings

Question 1

Te Ara Tika

Answer 1

A generic set of principles commonly shared by many generations and communities of Māori, however they have application to all people in Aotearoa

Question 2

common ground between bioethics principles and Te Ara Tika

Answer 2

they involve knowledge discovery through respectful and rights-based engagement between researchers, participants and communities to advance health and wellbeing

Question 3

overview of Te Ara Tika principles

Answer 3

• tika
• manaakitanga
• whakapapa
• mana

Question 4

bioethics principles

Answer 4

• beneficence
• non maleficence
• respect for people
• justice

Question 5

Tika

Answer 5

• what is right and what is good in any particular situation
• relates to the design of a study, and whether the research achieves proposed outcomes, benefits participants and communities and brings about positive change

Question 6

Manaakitanga

Answer 6

• refers to caring for others, nurturing relationships and being careful in the way we treat others
• made up of Aroha, generosity, sharing and hosting are essential parts
• relates to cultural and social responsibility and respect for people
• requires an understanding of the appropriateness of privacy and confidentiality

Question 7

Whakapapa

Answer 7

• refers to relationships, encompasses the quality of those relationships, the reasons for their formation and the structures or processes that have been established to support them
• relates to quality of consultation or engagement preocess with Māori

Question 8

Mana

Answer 8

• refers to power, prestige, leadership or authority bestowed, gained or inherited individually or collectively
• infers that each individual has the right to determine their own destiny upon their own authority
• requires that the research process upholds appropriate aspects of tikanga Māori and respects local protocols