Essential questions and religion Flashcards
What were the two important aims of the Renaissance?
Renewed interest in Greece and Rome and humanism.
What is humanism?
The belief that people can see their minds/reason to make society better
What does the word secular mean?
Worldly
Who wrote The Prince?
Machiavelli, in it he argued that is was better for a leader to be feared than respected
Many of the ideas of the Renaissance were a direct challenge to the _______.
Church
Why was da Vinci considered a “true Renaissance man”?
he was so talented, he was a sculptor, architect, inventor, and mathematics
Who came up with the movable type printing press?
German inventor Johannes Gutenberg
Why was the printing press so important?
It helped make books more affordable so ideas began to spread more easily/quickly.
Who was Martin Luther?
He was the first person to successfully challenge the church, began the protestant reformation when he nailed the 95 theses on the church door in Germany.
What do the Renaissance and reformation lay the ground work for?
Age of exploration and scientific revolution.
What was John Calvin’s idea?
that god chose peoples final destination (predestination)
What does vernacular mean?
everyday language, not latin
Where did Hinduism originate?
India
What is Karma?
law of cause and effect
Hinduism is ranked what number in the world based on numbers?
3rd
Who was the first prophet to believe in one god?
Abraham
who was the first monotheistic religion?
Judaism
approximately how many Jews live in the world today?
14 million
where was Prince Siddhartha gautama born?
india
what does “the Buddha” mean?
the enlightened one
how many steps are in the Buddhist plan?
8
what religion did Christianity grow out of?
juaism
what do Christians believe happened to Jesus?
he was resurected
approximately how many Christians are there?
2 billion
who is the founder of Islam?
Muhammed
what does the word Muslim mean?
one who is surrenders
how did the church respond to the protestant reformation?
they had the counter (catholic) reformation. the council of Trent was created to teach Catholic doctrines.
which country was first to lead European exploration?
Portugal. they were the first on the west coast of Africa
what was the most important thing that the Mayans, Aztecs, and incans had in common?
agriculture/farming
where were the Mayans located?
Yucatan peninsula (mexico)
where were the Aztecs located?
central mexico (present day mexico)
what was the capital city of Aztecs
Tenochtitlan
who conquered the Aztecs?
Cortes
what does conquistador mean?
its Spanish for conqueror
where were the Incas?
Andes mountain (Peru)
what caused the Mayan decline?
we do not know for sure. theories include natural disasters,invasions,food shortage, etc.
how did the Incas keep records
they had no writing system. the used colored knotted cords, quipu
who conquered the Incas
Pizarro
what factors motivated Europeans to explore
god, glory, and gold
what is the purpose of merchantalism
to make the mother country wealth with a favorable balance of trade
which country primarily colonized central and south america
Spain
why did Europeans want to find a shorter way to India?
for spices and other goods. it would be cheaper. Europeans could avoid Muslim merchants, land routes were dangerous
