Essential oil Terminology Flashcards
1
Q
a substance or agent that can induce an abortion
A
Abortifacient
2
Q
the rate at which an essential oil or carrier oil penetrates the skin over a given period of time (can be subjective)
A
Absorption rate
3
Q
a concentrated, highly-aromatic, oily mixture extracted from plants by means of solvent extraction techniques producing a waxy mass called concrete. The lower the molecular weight , fragrant compounds are extracted from the concrete into ethanol. when the ethanol evaporates what is left behind is the _____
A
Absolute
4
Q
To make impure by adding extraneous, improper, or inferior ingredients.
A
Adulterate
5
Q
The word used by itself refers to Ethyl Alcohol or ethanol, the main solvant used to carry perfume for extracts, colognes. When referring to its chemical name it refers to the chemical group R-OH.
A
Alcohol
6
Q
The chemical group R- CHO. the word by itself usually refers to shorter (C6-C12) straight chain (aliphatic). used in perfumery
A
Aldehyde
7
Q
a hypersensitivity to certain substances such as pollen foods or micro-organisms which causes an overreaction of the immune system with symptoms such as skin rash, swelling of mucous membranes, sneezing or wheezing, or other abnormal conditions.
A
Allergy
8
Q
a substance that gradually nourishes and improves the system
A
alternative
9
Q
the absence of menstruation
A
Amenorrhea
10
Q
An agent that relieves pain by acting upon the peripheral and central nervous system
A
Analgesic
11
Q
A decline or absence of sexual desire
A
Anaphrodisiac
12
Q
a defciency in the oxygen-carrying component of the blood, such as the amount of hemoglobin or the volume of red blood cells. Iron deficiency, often caused by inadequate dietary consumption of iron and blood cell loss are common causes of ___________
A
Anemia
13
Q
an agent that produces anesthesia by paralyzing sensory nerve endings (or partial loss of sensation) at the site of application
A
Anesthetic
14
Q
Having no sense of smell
A
Anosmic
15
Q
an agent that destroys or causes the expulsion of parasitic intestinal worms
A
Anthelmintic
16
Q
An agent that counteracts or neutralizes acidity, particularly in the stomach
A
Antacid
17
Q
a substance capable of preventing an allergic reaction
A
Anti-allergenic
18
Q
an agent capable of preventing or reducing anxiety
A
Anti-anxiety
19
Q
an agent that alleviates arthritis by providing therapy to relieve the symptoms of joint inflammation
A
Anti-arthritic
20
Q
An agent that provides relief from asthma or halts an asthmatic attack.
A
Anti-asthmatic
21
Q
an agent capable of destroying or inhibiting the growth of reproduction of bacteria
A
Antibacterial
22
Q
A substance used to stop a bacterial infection from spreading and/ or prevents growth of bacteria in the body
A
Antibiotic
23
Q
a substance that is effective against catarrh or inflammation of the mucus membranes, especially of the nose and throat
A
Anticatarrhal
24
Q
a substance that inhibits the clotting of blood by blocking the action of clotting factors or platelets
A
Anti-coagulant
25
a substance or agent used to alleviate mood disorders such as depression and anxiety and/or prevents clinical depression
Antidepressant
26
a substance that has the ability to relieve a toothache
Antidontalgic
27
An agent that prevents or alleviates nausea and vomiting
Anti-emetic
28
a substance used to treat fungal infections such as athletes foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), and serious infections such as cryptococcal meningitis
Anti-fungal
29
an agent that inhibits or lessens the secretion and flow of milk
Anti-galactagogue
30
a compound that inhibits the production of histamine, primarily used in the treatment of allergies or colds
Antihistamine
31
A substance that prevents or stops bleeding
Anti-hemorrhagic
32
An agent capable of stopping the colonization of a microscopic organism such as a virus or bacteria
Anti-infectious
33
a substance that prevents or reduces certain types of inflammation such as swelling, tenderness, fever, and pain
Anti-inflammatory
34
an agent capable of destroying or inhibiting the growth of microorganisms
antimicrobial
35
an agent that relieves an intense burning or stabbing pain caused by irritation of / damage to a nerve caused by disease, inflammation, or infection
Antineuralgic
36
a substance that retards or inhibits oxidation to counteract the deterioration of a product such as vitamin C or vitamin E
Antioxidant
37
an agent that destroys and inhibits the growth of parasites
Antiparasitic
38
a substance that functions to relieve inflammation and fever
Antiphlogistic
39
an agent that prevents or relieves itching
Anti-pruitic
40
a substance that inhibits or counteracts a odor such as decay, foul smell, rot, and decomposition
Anti-putrescent
41
An agent that reduces a fever
Anti-pyretic
42
an agent that suppresses the manifestation of rhematic disease and has the capability of delaying the progression of the disease process in inflammatory arthritis; it provides relief of the symptoms of any painful or immobilizing disorder of the musculoskeletal system
Antirheumatic
43
an agent that helps to prevent hardening of arteries or is affected with sclerosis
Anti-sclerotic
44
an agent applied to the skin to control seborrhea or the excessive oily secretion of sebum in the sweat glands
Anti-seborrhoeic
45
refers to an agent that cures or prevents scurvy
Anti-scorbutic
46
refers to a substance capable of preventing infection by inhibiting the growth and reproduction of microorganisms
Antiseptic
47
an agent that relieves ore prevents spasms, particularly of smooth muscle
Antispasmodic
48
a substance that is capable of inhibiting the secretion of sweat
Anti-sudorific
49
an agent that neutralizes the action of a toxin or poisen
Anti-toxic
50
a substance that suppresses the body's urge to cough
Antitussive
51
an antitoxin active against the venom of a snake, spider or other venomous animal or insect.
Anti-venomous
52
an agent or substance capable of destroying a virus and/or inhibits it from spreading and reproducing
Antiviral
53
a substance that gently stimulates the evacuation of the bowels and works as a mild laxative
Aperient
54
a substance taken to stimulate the appetite before a meal
Aperitif
55
a substance that arouses or intensifies sexual desire and function
Aphrodisiac
56
Chemicals that have a smell and/or taste that are used in perfumes or flavors.
Aroma chemicals
- (Note: The term Aromatic Chemicals should not be confused as it refers to benzene ring structure found in many organic compounds.)
57
The science, coined by the Olfactory Research Fund, dedicated to the study of the interrelationship between psychology and aroma
Aromachology
58
The art and science of using essential oils to heal common ailments/ complaints. This therapy can be particularly helpful with stress or emotionally triggered problems such as insomnia and headaches. The term was coined by a French chemist, R.M Gattefosse
Aromatherapy
59
refers to the benzene ring structure found in many organic compounds. However, the term In perfumery refers to the rich aroma displayed by balsamic notes.
Aromatic
60
irregular or abnormal loss of the heartbeats rhythm
Arrythmia
61
a chronic inflammatory response in the walls of the arteries causing a hardening of the arteries.
Arteriosclerosis
62
a substance that draws together or constricts and is effective in stopping the flow of blood and other secretions
Astringent
63
a condition in which there is an accumulation of fatty deposits on the inside of walls of arteries such as cholesterol.
Atherosclerosis
64
from the ancient Persian world "to smell sweet" Attar or Otto refers to essential oil obtained by distillation and, in particular, that of the Bulgarian Rose, an extremely precious perfumery material
Attar (Otto)
65
a substance that kills bacteria
Bactericide
66
a water soluble, semi-solid or viscous resinous exudates similar to that to of gum.
Balsam
67
a soothing substance having the qualities of balsam
Balsamic
68
an agent that relieves coughing
Bechic
69
a condition caused by the excess excretion of bile; experiencing gastric distress caused by a disorder of the liver or gallbladder.
Bilious
70
A scientific name in Latin that conforms to the international Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) and is of certain species of plant that clearly distinguished it from other plants that share the same common name. The purpose of a formal name is to have a single name that is accepted and used worldwide for a particular plant or plant group
Botanical Name
71
a substance that causes a sense of serenity; tranquility and/ or peace
calming
72
an agent that has relaxing or sedating properties
calmative
73
a cancer-causing substance or agent.
Carcinogenic
74
that which pertains to the heart
Cardiac
75
an agent that induces the expulsion of gas from the stomach or intestines; settles the digestive system and relieves flatulence
Carminative
76
a vegetable fatty oil used to dilute essential oils for the purpose of application to the skin or massage.
Carrier Oil
77
a "cottage cheese" effect caused by local accumulation of fat and waste products in the body.
cellulite
78
a substance that clears the mind
Cephalic
79
The same botanical species occurring in other forms due to different growth conditions
Chemotypes
80
An agent that stimulates bile production by the liver
Choleric
81
an agent which promotes the discharge of bile from the system, purging it downward
Cholagogue
82
To heal or become healed by the formation of scar tissue
Cicatrix, Cicatrisation
83
an agent that promotes the formation of scar tissue
Cicatrisant
84
a substance that temporarily increases circulation and invigorates the circulatory system
Circulatory stimulant
85
the chronic inflammation and degeneration of the liver
Cirrhosis
86
oils that are extracted by the carbon dioxide method. Essential oils processed by this method are considered superior in that none of the constituents have been harmed by heat, have a closer aroma to the natural source and are generally thicker oils
CO2 Extracts
87
A process in the extraction method of essential oil (especially Rose) that ensures it is a complete oil
Cohobation
88
a method of extraction where no external heat is used during the process
Cold-Pressed
89
a severe abdominal pain caused by spasm or obstruction, or distention of any of the hollow viscera, such as the intestines
Colic
90
inflammation of the colon
Colitis
91
the everyday name used for a plant. Names such as Chamomile, Lavender, Orange, or Eucalyptus may refer to more than one species, yet go by the same name. It is necessary to know its botanical name for clarity.
Common name
92
A waxy concentrated semi-solid essential oils extract, made from plant material that is used to make an absolute
Concrete
93
refers to a condition in which a bowel movements are infrequent and hard to pass.
constipation
94
a substance that offers relief from heat and has a calming effect
cooling
95
any invigorating and stimulating preparation that is intended for medicinal purpose. traditionally a weak alcoholic beverage flavored with essential oils, fruit essences or plant extracts and sweetened.
Cordial
96
is the toxicity to all cells
Cytotoxic
97
Inflammation of the urinary bladder
cystitis
98
An agent that increases the leukocyte activity in its ability to defend the body against infection.
Cytophylactic
99
a herbal preparation made by boiling the plant material and reducing into a concentration
Decoction
100
an agent that treats sinus congestion by reducing swelling.
Decongestant
101
An agent that soothes irritated mucous membranes and relieves pain and inflammation
Demulcent
102
a substance that removes or conceals body odors
Deodorant
103
a substance that is purgative or used for purifying
Depurative
104
Inflammation of the skin
Dermatitis
105
the purpose of removing toxic substances or impurities from the body
Detoxification
106
a substance that helps to remove impurities and toxins from the blood and body
Detoxifier
107
An agent that promotes perspiration
Diaphoretic
108
a device used to disperse the aromatic molecules of essential oils into the air
Diffuser
109
a substance of formula that helps to improve the digestive system
Digestive support
110
a substance or agent that destroys, neutralizes, or inhibits the growth of disease-carrying microorganisms.
Disinfectant
111
A method of extraction used in the manufacture of essential oils
Distillation
112
a substance that increases the flow of urine, thus removing water from the body.
Diuretic
113
A unit of measurement equaling an 1/8 of an ounce
Dram
114
Difficult or painful menstruation
Dysmenorrhoea
115
an abnormally large volume of fluid in the circulatory system or in tissue between the bodies cells (interstitial spaces)
Edema
116
a substance that induces vomiting
Emetic
117
a substance that is used to stimulate blood flow in the pelvic area and uterus; some stimulate menstruation
Emmenagogue
118
a substance that softens and soothes the skin
Emollient
119
a long-term, progressive disease of the lungs that causes shortness of breath. The tissue necessary to support the function of the lungs are destroyed
Emphysema
120
The secretion of a ductless endocrine gland; a hormone
Endocrine
121
congestion of fullness of the tissue with blood or liquid
Engorgement
122
inflammation of the intestinal tract, especially of the small intestine
Enteritis
123
a protein of the intestinal tract, especially of the small intestine
Enteritis
124
A protein produced by the living organisms and function as biochemical catalysts
Enzyme
125
these are the fatty acids that are necessary for our body to function properly, but cannot produce on its own. when the body is deprived of the nutrients, the skin conditions such as eczema or psoriasis may appear
Essential Fatty acids (EFA)
126
an aromatic, volatile liquid consisting of odorous principles from plant extracts
Essential Oil
127
that which pertains to a gland with a duct, secreting directly onto the outside or inside surface of an organism
Exocrine
128
an agent that promotes the secretion or expulsion of phlegm, mucus, or other matter from the respiratory passages
Expectorant
129
An extraction method where plant materials are pressed to obtain the essential oil.
Expression
130
a natural substance secreted by plants that can be spontaneous or as a result from damage to the plant
Exudates
131
an agent that reduces fever
Febrifuge
132
a natural or synthetic substance used to slow down the evaporation of volatile components in a perfume and improve stability when added to more volatile components.
Fixative
133
vegetable oils obtained from plants that are fatty a non-volatile
Fixed oils
134
refers to the percentage of terpenes removed by re-distillation from single fold to fivefold
Fold
135
a process in which oils are re-distilled, either to have terpenes or other substances removed
Fractionated oil
136
a substance that destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi
fungicidal
137
an agent that induces milk secretion
Galactagogue
138
an agent that kills germs, especially pathogenic microorganisms and acts as a disinfectant.
Germicidal
139
inflammation of the gums, characterized by redness and swelling
Gingivitis
140
the condition of having stale or bad foul-smelling breath
Halitosis
141
an itching or painful mass of dilated veins (also called piles) in swollen anal tissue
Hemorrhoids
142
an agent that stops bleeding or hemorrhaging
Hemostatic
143
that which pertains to the liver
Hepatic
144
any of several inflammatory diseases to the skin, especially herpes simplex , characterized by the formation of small watery blisters
Herpes
145
an agent that has a toxic or harmful effect on the liver
Hepatoxic
146
a method of extracting essential oils which steam at atmospheric pressure is passed through the plant material from the top of the extraction chamber, resulting in oils that retain the original aroma of the plant and Is less harsh than steam distillation
Hydro Diffusion
147
the water resulting from the distillation of essential oils, which ,still contains, some of the properties of the plant from the material extraction process.
Hydrosol (Flora water)
148
Arterial disease in which chronic high blood pressure is the primary symptom
Hypertension
149
the presence of an abnormally high concentration of glucose (sugar) in the blood.
Hyperglycemia
150
an agent that raises blood pressure
Hypertensive
151
an abnormally low level of glucose in the blood
Hypoglycemia
152
abnormally low blood pressure
Hypotension
153
an agent that stimulates an immune response
Immunostimulant
154
an agent that supports the immune system and assists in the resistance to infection by a specific pathogen
Immune support
155
oil produced by steeping the macerated botanical material in the liquid until it has taken on some of the plant material properties
Infused oil
156
the process of making a herbal remedy by steeping plant material in water to extract its soluble principles
Infusion
157
a substance that repels and kills insects
Insecticide
158
a substance that is designed to kill larval pests
Larvicidal
159
a substance that is designed to kill larval pests
Larvicidal
160
a substance that helps with and stimulates a bowel movement
Laxative
161
an abnormally large increase in the number if White blood cells in the blood, often occurring during an acute infection or inflammation
Leucocytosis
162
a white or yellowish discharge of mucous substance from the vagina
Leucorrhoea
163
a white blood cell that protects the body against infection and fights infection when it occurs
Leukocyte
164
the chemical that offers assistance to a lymph vessel, or a lymph node
Lymphatic support
165
to make soft by soaking or steeping in a liquid
Macerate
166
the manipulation of soft tissue of the body to enhance health and is known to affect the circulation of blood and the flow of lymph, reduce muscular tension or flaccidity, affect the nervous system through stimulation or sedation, and enhance tissue healing
Massage therapy
167
the female body's Normal life transition ending of menstruation
Menapause
168
abnormally heavy blood loss during menstruation
Menorrhagia
169
uterine bleeding outside the normal menstrual cycle
Metorrhagia
170
minute living organism such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses that cause disease
Microbe
171
a gummy substance containing demulcent gelatinous constituents obtained from certain plants
Mucilage
172
denotes an enzyme that breaks down mucus
Mucolytic
173
an agent that has soothing or calming effect upon the nerves
Nervine
174
an intense burning or stabbing pain caused by the irritation of or damage to a nerve
Neuralgia
175
a psychological disorder characterized by chronic fatigue and weakness, loss of memory, and generalized aches and pains, formerly thought to result from exhaustion of the nervous system
Neurasthenia
176
a substance that is poisonous or destructive to nerve tissue
Neurotoxin
177
natural resinous exudation from plants or aromatic liquid extracted from botanical material
Oleoresin
178
odoriferous exudation from botanical material consisting of essential oil, gum, and resin
Oleo gum resin
179
refers to the sense of smell
Olfaction
180
the bulblike distal end of the olfactory lobe center where the processing of smell is started is then passed onto to her areas of the brain.
Olfactory bulb
181
a small plastic insert inside the glass bottle that acts as a dropper. to use, simply tip the bottle to count out number of drops
Orifice reducer
182
The process in which the addition of oxygen to an organic molecule, or the removal of electrons or hydrogen the from the molecule
Oxidation
183
an abnormal rhythm or rapid heartbeat of the heart
Palpitations
184
in relation to giving birth and labor
Parturient
185
An agent that causes disease
Pathogenic
186
The science that deals with the origin, nature, chemistry, effects, and uses of drugs.
Pharmacology
187
induced by or associated with the action of digestive secretions and the areas that are affected by them
peptic
188
a substance released by an animal that serves to influence the Physiology of behavior of other members of the same species, such as a chemical messenger sent between two people
Pheromone
189
plant substances mimicking the actions of human hormones. Plant hormones in the plant control or regulate germination, growth, metabolism, or other physiological activities.
phytohormones
190
the use of natural plant extracts for medicinal purposes as in the treatment of disease
phytotherapy
191
this is a plastic dropper used to dispense essential oil from a bottle into another bottle or container
pipette
192
perfumed fat obtained during the effleurage extraction method
pomade
193
An act of preventing disease or infection
Prophylactic
194
A chronic skin disease characterized by red patches and silver scaling
psoriasis
195
that which pertains to the lungs
pulmonary
196
a process of re-distilling essential oils in order to remove certain constituents and purify it
rectification
197
that which pertains to the kidneys
renal
198
a natural substance exuded from trees; prepared resins are oleresins from which the essential oil has been removed.
resin
199
perfumed material extracted from natural resinous material by solvent extraction
Resinoids
200
a substance that reduces inflammation of swelling
Resolvent
201
a substance that irritates the skin, causing redness
Rubefacient
202
pain or a sharp burning sensation, caused by the sciatic nerve that radiates from the lower part of the spinal cord, down the back of the leg, to the foot
Sciatica
203
a hardening of the nervous system or blood vessels, due to inflammation and from diseases of the interstitial substance
Sclerosis
204
over activity of the sebaceous glands characterized by excessive secretion of sebum, resulting in an oily coating, crusts, or scales on the skin.
Seborrhea
205
an agent that has a soothing, calming, or tranquilizing effect upon the body, reducing or relieving anxiety, stress, irritability, or excitement
Sedative
206
the amount of time a carrier or base oil will remain fresh before oxidizing and become rancid
Shelf Life
207
a substance that produces deep sleep
Soporific
208
that which relates to he spleen
splenic
209
a substance that raises the physiological levels of the central nervous system
Stimulant
210
a substance that aids in stomach digestion and improves appetite
Stomachic
211
Inflammation of the mucus membranes of the mouth
stomatitis
212
an agent that contracts the tissue or blood vessels; used particularly to control hemorrhaging and stop external bleeding
Styptic
213
an agent that causes or increases sweat
Sudorific
214
several substances or agents working together in harmony to produce a greater effect than the sum of the individual agents. A synergistic blend of essential oils would be one with the correct proportions of oils that have a greater effect than that of an individual oil.
Synergy
215
a substance produced by chemical synthesis, especially not of natural origin
synthetic
216
An abnormally rapid heart rate.
Tachycardia
217
a substance that acts as an astringent that helps seal tissues
Tanin
218
one of a class of hydrocarbons with an empiric formula of C10H16 occurring in essential oils and resins
Terpene
219
An essential oil from which monoterpene hydrocarbons have been romoved
Terpene less
220
The formation of a blood clot
Thrombosis
221
a contagious disease caused by a fungus known as candida albicans, that occurs most often in infants and children, characterized by small whitish eruptions on the mouth, throat, and tongue, and usually accompanied by fever, colic, and diarrhea.
Thrush
222
a substance that gives a feeling of vigor or well-being.
Tonic
223
an alcoholic solution prepared from herbal or perfume material
tincture
224
a soothing or healing salve, balm or ointment
urguent
225
a substance that supports a healthy vascular system and liver by removing artery plaque naturally and improves the cardiovascular system
Vascular cleansing
226
a substance that causes the vasoconstriction of blood vessels, which typically results in an increase in blood pressure and pupil dilation. vasodialation is the opposite in which it relaxes the smooth muscle walls, causes the opening of blood vessels, lowering blood pressure.
vasoconstrictor
227
a substance that improves and strengthens the functioning of blood vessels
vein tonic
228
An anathematic that expels parasitic worms from the body, by either stunning or killing them.
vermifuge
229
the degree of which a fluid moves and flows under applied force. With carrier oils, it may be noted as "thin", or "thick," etc.
Viscosity
230
refers to a substance that is unstable and evaporates easily, such an essential oil.
volatile
231
a remedy used in healing or wounds and helps to prevent tissue degeneration
vulnerary
232
a substance that raises temperature slightly
warming
233
an agent that can assist in healing an injury, especially one in which the skin or another external surface that has been torn, pierced, cut, or otherwise broken.
wound Healing
