Essential First Aid

Question 1

Name the 4 aims of a first aider.

Answer 1

To;
Preserve life
Alleviate pain
Prevent the injury from worsening
Promote recovery

Question 2

What is a sign?

Answer 2

What the first aider can see

Question 3

List 3 examples of a sign that a first aider would see.

Answer 3

Colour of skin
Breathlessness
Clutching of chest before collapsing

Question 4

What is a symptom?

Answer 4

What the casualty feels

Question 5

List 5 examples of a casualty’s symptoms.

Answer 5

Pain
Nausea
Difficulty in breathing
Dizziness
Drowsiness

Question 6

In a PRIMARY survey what does DRABC stand for?

Answer 6

Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
CPR for a non breathing casualty

Question 7

When checking the response of a casualty we use ACVPU, what does this stand for?

Answer 7

Alert
Confusion
Verbal (Voice)
Painful (Pain)
Unresponsive

Question 8

How long do you check for breathing?

Answer 8

No longer than 10 seconds

Question 9

If your casualty is breathing but unconscious what would be your response?

Answer 9

Place into the recovery position

Question 10

If your casualty is not breathing and unconscious what would be your response?

Answer 10

Start CPR, call for help

Question 11

What is the rate of chest compressions during CPR?

Answer 11

100-120 per minute

Question 12

What is the ratio of chest compressions to breaths?

Answer 12

30:2

Question 13

What is the depth of a chest compression?

Answer 13

5-6 cms

Question 14

How many rescue breaths do you give to an infant or child before starting chest compressions?

Answer 14

5 rescue breaths

Question 15

What is the ratio of chest compressions to breaths in an infant or child?

Answer 15

30:2

Question 16

What happens to the body in the TONIC phase of a Tonic clonic seizure?

Answer 16

Body is rigid

Question 17

What happens to the body in the CLONIC phase of a Tonic clonic seizure?

Answer 17

Body has convulsions

Question 18

When would you call the emergency service if a casualty is having a seizure?

Answer 18

Has no previous history of seizures
If seizure is longer than 5 minutes
If seizure is continuous
Casualty unconscious for more than 10 minutes
If casualty is injured during seizure

Question 19

If a casualty is choking, what would you encourage them to do?

Answer 19

Lean forward and Cough

Question 20

How many back blows should be administered?

Answer 20

5

Question 21

If back blows do not dislodge the obstruction what would you perform?

Answer 21

5 Abdominal thrusts

Question 22

Name the 3 types of bleeding.

Answer 22

Arterial (artery)
Venous (vein)
Capillary

Question 23

How would you treat a bleed?

Answer 23

Apply pressure to wound site
Elevate
Do not remove any foreign objects
Apply a dressing

Question 24

Can you list the signs of Shock

Answer 24

Pale complexion, cold and clammy skin
Rapid pulse
Sweating 
Cyanosis (fall of oxygen levels)
Pulse becomes weaker
Rapid but shallow breathing
Yawning or gasping
Restlessness or aggression before becoming unconscious

Question 25

Can you list the symptoms of shock?

Answer 25

Feeling weak
Dizzy
Thirsty
Nauseous

Question 26

Would you give your casualty with shock a ‘drink’?

Answer 26

No but you can moisten their lips

Question 27

How would you treat a bruise?

Answer 27

Apply a cold compress (ice) for up to 30 minutes

Elevate

Question 28

What is a burn?

Answer 28

From dry heat - hot instruments, etch

Question 29

What is a scald?

Answer 29

A wet burn from steam or hot water - autoclave

Question 30

How would you treat a burn?

Answer 30

Run under cool water for at least 10 minutes
Do not pop blisters
Wrap in cling film