Essential Documents

Question 1

Brutus I

Answer 1

The Necessary and Proper Clause and the Supremacy Clause grant immense power to the federal government, rendering state governments powerless.
The ratification debates centered on whether the system should be driven by states or a powerful national government.
Brutus feared that the government proposed by the convention would lead to consolidation and threaten liberty.

Question 2

Federalist #51

Answer 2

Written by James Madison, argues that a strong government is necessary but must be structured in a way that prevents tyranny. The essay also explains and defends the checks and balances system in the Constitution, framing the powers of each branch to check the power of the other two branches

Question 3

Federalist #10

Answer 3

Written by James Madison, it defends the form of republican government proposed by the Constitution. Warns about the power of factions

Question 4

Federalist #70

Answer 4

Argues for a strong executive by emphasizing that a single president can act decisively and effectively, particularly in emergencies where quick action is necessary.

Question 5

Federalist #78

Answer 5

Written by Alexander Hamilton, it describes the process of judicial review. The essay also discusses the structure of federal courts, their powers, and the method of appointing judges. It emphasizes the importance of lifetime appointments for judges “during good behavior” (All about judicial powers)