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Basic Computer Applications > Essential Computer Concepts > Flashcards

Essential Computer Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

hardware

A

physical components

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2
Q

server

A

a computer that stores programs and data for multiple users

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3
Q

software

A

intangible components of a computer, particularly programs

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4
Q

processing

A

modifying data and executing commands

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5
Q

commands

A

instructions to the computer on how to process the data

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6
Q

motherboard

A

the processing hardware that contains the computers major electronic components, and is located inside the computer

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7
Q

circuit board

A

a rigid piece of insulating material with circuits (electrical paths) or that control specific functions

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8
Q

cards (expansion cards)

A

circuit boards that are inserted into electrical connectors on the mother board, called slots (expansion slots)

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9
Q

input devices

A

keyboard, mouse, etc. to input data and issue commands

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10
Q

scanner

A

transfers the content on a piece of paper into memory

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11
Q

output devices

A

store or show you output. The most common are monitors and printers

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12
Q

CPU

A

Central Processing Unit

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13
Q

Port

A

Opening in the computer connected to a card into which you can plug a connector

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14
Q

USB

A

Universal Serial Bus

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15
Q

Port

A

a high speed port used to connect many types of peripheral devices to the computer

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16
Q

circuits

A

electrical paths

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17
Q

HDMI & Display Ports

A

transmit video and audio digitally

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18
Q

DVI

A

transmit video digitally

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19
Q

YGA

A

transmit analog video

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20
Q

HDMI

A

High Definition MultiMedia Interface

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21
Q

Ethernet Ports

A

allow data to be transmitted at high speeds so they are used to connect computers to one another or to the internet

22
Q

modem

A

a device that connects your computer to a standard telephone jack or to a cable connection or sometimes directly to the internet using an ethernet port

23
Q

USB connector

A

a matela tab attached to a cable, wireless transmitter or flash drive that inserts into the USB port.

24
Q

Three types of USB ports

A

A, B, and C

25
Q

B port

A

usually larger and connected to a printer

26
Q

C port

A

transmit data faster than the others, currently only on a few devices, such as the newest Google Chromebook and the newest Apple Macintosh

27
Q

A port and B port

A

both are found on PCs

28
Q

Random Access Memory (RAM)

A

chips of cards that plug into the motherboard, temporarily holds programs and data while the computer is one and allows the computer to access that information randomly. RAM is measured in gigabytes

29
Q

RAM is Volatile Memory or Temporary Memory

A

because it constantly changes while the computer is on and clears when the computer is turned off.

30
Q

DDR SDRAM

A

double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory

31
Q

Cache memory

A

high speed memory chip on the motherboard or CPU

32
Q

Read Only Memory (ROM)

A

a chip on the motherboard prerecorded with instructions the computer uses to check its components to ensure they are working and to active the software that provides the computers basic functionality. ROM never changes and remains intact

33
Q

BIOS

A

Basic Input/Basic Output

34
Q

BIOS

A

Tell the computer to initialize the motherboard, how to recognize devices connected to the computer and to start the boot process.

35
Q

CMOS

A

Complementory Metal Oxide semiconductor

36
Q

CMOS

A

A chip installed on the memory board that is activated during the boot process and identifies where essential software is stored.

37
Q

Storage

A

is where the data your create and the instructions you use remain when you are not using them

38
Q

file

A

named collection of stored data

39
Q

executable file

A

contains the instructions that tell a computer how to perform a specific task.

40
Q

data file

A

created by a uses, for instance a report you write with a word processing program

41
Q

magnetic storage media

A

store data as magnetized particles on a surface

42
Q

solid state media

A

saves data as 1s and 0s

43
Q

SSD

A

Solid State Drives

44
Q

SSD

A

are hard drives that are faster and tend to be more reliable than magnetic hard drives, however, they are also significantly more expensive

45
Q

Flash Memory Cards

A

small portable cards encased in hard plastic to which data can be written and rewritten using electrical signals. They are used in digital cameras, mobile devices, video game controllers, and other devices

46
Q

USB Drive / Flash Drive

A

popular to use as a secondary or backup storage device for data typically stored on a hard disk drive. USB drives plug directly into the PC; the computer recognizes it as another disk drive

47
Q

Network

A

connects one computer to other computers

48
Q

network adapter

A

each member of a network must have a network adapter to create a communication connection between the computer and the network

49
Q

client/server network

A

a network consisting of computers dependent on a server

50
Q

router

A

connects devices on a network and controls traffic between the devices so that all of the devices can access the network

51
Q

LAN (Local Area Network)

A

computers and peripheral devices located relatively close together, generally in the same building

52
Q

WAN (Wide Area Network)

A

Consists of multiple LANs connected together

Basic Computer Applications (3 decks)

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