Essay Plans Flashcards
Power essay
Introduction
Power - explain, degree differs, limited in democracys, US checks and balances, Majority as in 2019 Uk parliament however electorate holds them accountable
Lukes theory - Three dimensions, conservative government from 1979 – 1997
Authrity- required in democratic state for the ability to command departments of government, can be implicit through designated survivor or explicit through election. Authority is the reason they are able to do so, “legitimate violence” monopoly
legitimacy - authority requires permissions, undemocratic china not required, democratic branches of state unwilling co-operate and authority, electoral system achieve, collective democratic consent, disproportional, less than fifty percent, 2015 general 331 of 650 MPS elected on under 50% of vote.
max weber - prominent theorists, power finite, basis on share of power, traditional british monarchy, charismatic Nazi party, rational-legal authority ballot box.
Conclusion
Grass roots campaigning and technology - 20 marker
Introduction - what is grass roots campaiging and what three areas will the essay focus on
Leafleting - inform on key themes and manifesto, 2015 GE mailshots £22.1, human connection Mark Reckless Ukip fam
Voter turnout - 30% don’t vote so persuading voters, GOTV United states face-to-face appeal, exclude postal voters and less effective at getting the vote of younger generations
How the ground war has changed in modern times - Activate has allowed SNP to compile record 3.9 million. Segmented by income, who they voted for previously, allocated resources to sympathetic
social media - Facebook adverts, 2015 1.6 million on ads, social media is a long-term medium that garner support all year round
Young people vote on social media - 32 percent to 67 percent in 2017 from 2015, posting 68 videos on the week before 2017, lack of tangible correlation, youth turnout down 7% in 2019 compared to 2017
What is one successful campaign and why?
Introduction - decline prior to 2016, maragret thatcher, coal and steel, 12-17%, gained 16 seats
AMS - Few concentrated supporters, affluent east renfrewshire, 24 out of 31 through list vote
Unique campaign - government, little parties, opposition to SNP, “A Strong Opposition - A stronger scotland”
Air war - Air war to target regional, SNP likely, PPB, social media, Snp peak only pro-union, large scale shift in attitude
Ruth Davidson - not typical, not career politician, open sexuality, genuine and self depricating, engaged in ground war, more modern channels for air war, tweeting jokes
Unpopularity of Labour - support of “no”, SNP, 40 seats 2015, Kezia Dugdale, leave EU, ignore the will, mantle “anti-independence”
The key features of idoelogies different?
Intro - set of, ideal, party not pure, conservaties conservatism, labour socialist doctrine, tradition imper auth prop, comm coop, equal, owner
Conservatism branches - Differ in degree, overarching, no ideological basis accuracy depends, traditional practical, Authoritatian deeply ideological, Margaret thatcher
Socialism branches - econ, empower, social, degree emphasised varies, communism extreme alter, karl marx, no faith,, vanguard party command, democratic socialism, workers command economy, electoral system exist but accountabel to woker councils, set wages and economic foundation
Human Nature - conservatist imperfect, psychologically limited and dependent, enjoys stability and authority, small population, naturally inclined for co-operation, when working together develop bonds of sympathy caring and affection enable to make important decisions
margaret thatcher - “new right”, deeply, intervention free-market, protecting law and order, individual responsibility and accountability, burden of individual, private ownership accountability, “right to buy”
karl Marx - outspoken critics, “the manifesto of the communist party”, rich and poor, exploitation, elite own production final evolution, vanguard party small group, public owns means of production
Grass roots campaigning and media
Introduction - what is grass roots campaiging and what three areas will the essay focus on
Leafleting - inform on key themes and manifesto, 2015 GE mailshots £22.1, human connection Mark Reckless Ukip fam
Voter turnout - 30% don’t vote so persuading voters, GOTV United states face-to-face appeal, exclude postal voters and less effective at getting the vote of younger generations
TV debates - election debate, question policies and aims, inspect manifestos, ERS 56 percent, 2015 ED miliband “toughness”, Sensationalism PR name-calling Biden Trump, understated, 2019 climate Johnson
social media - Facebook adverts, 2015 1.6 million on ads, social media is a long-term medium that garner support all year round
Young people vote on social media - 32 percent to 67 percent in 2017 from 2015, posting 68 videos on the week before 2017, lack of tangible correlation, youth turnout down 7% in 2019 compared to 2017
The power of the executive
Introduction - power is central, inability to enforce its will, degree and achievement, prominent
the constitution in America- fundamental beliefs and principles- cannot be overruled, supreme law, accountable to its doctrine, deemed as constitutional by supreme court, appealed supree court ultimate, Obama lethal ex-wife, executive
How American constitution compare to the UK constitution - codifified reffered supreme, unwritten supreme contradict, no power act of parliament soveriengty. Magna Carta Monarchy, difficult amend, super-majority congress state, 27 1789.
Uk executive removal - two practices, vote of no/confidence,
simple majority, no opposition highlight, general formed leader, 2019 Corbyn 325 to 306.
US executive removal - impeachment,reprensent power, reviewal committee significant ground, articles one pass, trial senate supermajority removal, own support. Trump 2019/2020, interference 2016, virtually.
soveriegnty - divided crucial determining, federal fifty, encorach upon, citizen federal state, obama marijuana colorado national guard, parliament, develolved amend abolish, scotland act of 2016, indy ref
Power of the executive to pass bills
Intro -
Us legislation passing - simple representatives, 60 senate, supreme, executive, supreme, no congress, overturn, veto both supermajority, override impossible
Uk legislation passing - House of commons, prime vote party has most members even if a minoritywhip, lords unelected no real, absence soverignty, change law repealing, equality act of 2010 supplementing basis anti
the constitution in America- fundamental beliefs and principles- cannot be overruled, supreme law, accountable to its doctrine, deemed as constitutional by supreme court, appealed supree court ultimate, Obama lethal ex-wife, executive
How American constitution compare to the UK constitution - codifified reffered supreme, unwritten supreme contradict, no power act of parliament soveriengty. Magna Carta Monarchy, difficult amend, super-majority congress state, 27 1789.
soveriegnty - divided crucial determining, federal fifty, encorach upon, citizen federal state, obama marijuana colorado national guard, parliament, develolved amend abolish, scotland act of 2016, indy ref
Analyse the key features of a political ideology that you have studied. In your answer you should refer to the work of at least one relevant theorist
Introduction - Socialism can be understood as both an economic model, method of political empowerment and social model. It is a political ideology strongly advocated by and accredited to theorist Karl Marx, that advocates for a command economy in which materials are distributed based on needs and community ownership due to their belief in the positive consequences of human collaboration. However the degree to which each of these is emphasised depends upon the branch
Socialism branches - econ, empower, social, degree emphasised varies, communism extreme alter, karl marx, no faith,, vanguard party command, democratic socialism, workers command economy, electoral system exist but accountabel to woker councils, set wages and economic foundation
karl Marx - outspoken critics, “the manifesto of the communist party”, rich and poor, exploitation, elite own production final evolution, vanguard party small group, public owns means of production
Human Nature - Positive nature collaboration, inclined co-op authority, together sympathy caring affection, physiologically important, market barrier, Bernie outspoken favour, while so many, imperative dog equitable.
Distribution of materials and resources- distribution based people, objective universal food water shelter, access satisfy, basic materials NHS Labour, due emphasis condemn material not contribute - banks, 2008 pointed to Obama “Food Stamp recipients didn’t cause the financial crisis; recklessness on Wall Street did.”
Property ownership - origin inequality competition, corruption, conflicts community caring affection, materialistic conflict exploited, directly goal dissolve division do not selfishness, collective effort, post war nationalisation, public housing, utilities. Clement attlee, foreign affairs Singapore 1941 imperialism.
