Essay Introductions And Conclusions Flashcards
Liberal reforms
In the late 19th century British governments had a laissez-faire attitude towards poverty and beloved in the policy of self-help. However, towards the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, attitudes began to change - particularly towards the ‘deserving poor’ who found themselves in poverty under no fault of their own. After the liberal party won the general election of 1906, they introduced numerous new measures to help the poorest British citizens. The liberal reforms focused on the problems of poverty in children, the elderly, unemployment and due to sickness.
In conclusion, the liberals were partially successful in dealing with the problem of poverty. On the one hand, it can be determined that the acts passed by the liberal government did take some important steps towards dealing with the problems associated with poverty. At a time when there were so many domestic and international issues to deal with, they marked a significant shift away from laissez- faire towards a policy of increased government intervention, and some historians argue that they successfully established some of the key principles of the welfare state, especially by establishing a state pension and a system of national insurance. However on the other hand, the liberal reforms had many limitations. The measures they introduced were neither comprehensive nor universal, and only sought to target “ certain discrete parts of the problem of poverty”. Furthermore, the leve; of benefits provided was very low, and the liberals did little to address other important issues such as education and housing, overall therefore, the lioberal reforms were another blow to ‘self help’ and should be viewed as stepping stones towards a welfare system, rather a solution for poverty at the time. As G williams states”… it would be true to say that most of the developments that we now think of as part of the welfare state are built on the foundations laid during this exciting time.”
Labour reforms
In the 1945 general election the Labour party managed to win over the other competing parties by a vast majority of votes. This showed the public obviously believed in the intentions of the labour party. The labour party believed the british public weren’t getting the required support to life they may need and so they introduced measures called the “welfare state” which was to be used to tackle the ‘five giants’ of disease, squalor,want, ignorance and idleness. There were many important factors within the labour reforms, though this essay will only contain the following factors of overcrowding, the national insurance act of 1946, the education act of 1944 and the national health service act, 1946. This essay will argue the labour reforms were more effective than not in meeting the needs of the british people, even though they did not solve everything for the public they certainly helped to improve the lives of many.
In conclusion the labour reforms were more effective than not in meeting the needs of the british people. This is because although the towns act did not help to eliminate overcrowding or homelessness completely, it still had a significant impact as there were still a large number of houses built which in turn did lower the percentage of people suffering due to the lack of houses. National insurance also helped as it provided a safety net for those in a position unable to work, and although many people couldn’t contribute to this, there was a national assistance which helped to pay for those who couldn’t, this act helping to prevent people from falling into poverty. The national health service act also was more effective than not because it did take a while for it to fully come into use in many areas, though there were still many places in the uk that got instant access to the service which previously had not, helping to improve the wellbeing of the british public. Overall the labour reforms were more effective than not in meeting the needs of the british people as the pros outweigh the negatives to the reforms, showing more ways in which they improved the lives of uk citizens than not
Reasons why the liberal reforms were introduced
throughout the 19th century the prevailing ideology about welfare in Britain was the idea of laissez faire. However between 1906 and 1914 the liberal government decided to get away from this and pass laws to improve the lives of british people. The most important reason for the introduction of Liberal reforms was the social investigations from Booth and Rowntree but there were other factors such as national security, the threat of the labour party and new liberalism which were also very important and effective in introducing the Liberal reforms.
In conclusion, the work of Booth and Rowntree was the most important Factor in introducing the Liberal reforms. This is because their surveys in London and York showed the government that poverty was not always under the fault of an individual which made them realise they needed to take action. However there were other reasons as the reforms could not have happened without the new liberals taking action using reports as evidence. Fears about national stock and efficiency brought about by the disaster in South Africa, and threats to both the military and economic power of the British Empire also had a direct effect on Reform. The labour party also provided the liberals with the incentive to introduce the reforms to stay popular with the people. Overall there was no slight doubt that the social investigations were not the most important factor in the introduction of the Liberal reforms.
Why women were given the vote in 1918
Prior to 1903, although progress was being made, it did not seem to be inevitable that women would be granted the vote. However, at the end of WWI the first women were enfranchised- those who were over 30 and owned property - and ten years later the vote was extended to all men and women over the age of 21. There is no doubt that the role played by women in world war one played a significant part in gaining them the vote. However, this essay will argue that the gradual pressure exerted by the suffragists played a bigger role. Other important factors included the actions of the suffragettes and the effects of social change.
Conclusion (whatever is appropriate to the question)
In conclusion, the War played a very significant role in proving women to be men’s equals, but was not on its own the main reason for the vote. Many historians now argue that the war in fact broke the momentum gained before 1914 and delayed women getting the vote. The Suffragists, however, were far more significant in terms of the groundwork and organisation they provided before and during the War. There was an improvement in women’s social status, but this alone would not have gained women the vote as early as 1918. The Suffragettes played a significant role in gaining women the vote because they were vital in keeping the issue in the public eye. However they also alienated potential supporters and may actually have held back the cause. In the end, it was the Suffragists whose contribution was the greatest, as without their work, there would have been no platform for the Suffragettes, nor would there have been enough political progress made to justify granting the vote at the end of the War.
Reasons why the fascists rose to power
Benito Mussolini was an Italian political leader who became the Fascist dictator of Italy in 1925. Mussolini was originally a socialist but then forged the Fascist campaign in 1919. His campaign of Fascism became successful after World War 1 as his popularity grew throughout Italy. There were many different reasons for Fascistim in Italy taking authority across the country, such as resentment of the Peace Settlement, weaknesses and mistakes of opponents, appeal of the fascists and the social and economic divisions. Overall, the most influential and moving factor for the rise of the Fascists from 1919 to 1925 was not the social and economic divisions but in fact weaknesses and mistakes of the Fascists’ opponents.
Reasons why the fascists stay in power
The fascists had become increasingly powerful in Italy, and had full control over the italian government. Many Italians looked up to mussolini and saw him as a modern day julius caesar, striving to make italy great again. This essay will show how the fascists remained in power and include the following factors: Establishment of the fascist state, fear and intimidation, propaganda, foreign policy and economic and social policies.
