essay Flashcards
1
Q
before beethoven
A
orfeo ed euridice by cw gluck
- intended for reform
- Embracing the “natural” → extended to lighting, staging, etc., looser distinctions between aria, recit., etc.
- Choral interjections during aria, not a da capo aria
- Inc. role of orch., orch. works w/ chorus***
- Orch. hints at Orfeo convincing Furies to be “major” (in key) → orch. focus before Orfeo even sings
- Major dissonance/tension***
2
Q
beethoven
A
eroica symphony
- Highly experimental with sonata form
- very long dev and coda, very short intro (2 chords)
- P+S themes not melodic/memorable, false recap
- Unbalanced theme, no periodicity/galant
3
Q
after beethoven (borrowed)
A
Symphonie fantastique by Berlioz
Borrowed from Beethoven:
- 5 movement form
- Motto theme that ties whole work together → idee fixe
- Narrative trajectory for entire comp.
- Massive final mvmt
4
Q
after beethoven (innovations)
A
Symphonie fantastique by Berlioz
Created many new innovations:
- Strings playing w/ wood of bow (col legno)
- Frequently alternating plucked sounds (pizzicato)
- First to use orch of 100+ instruments
- Dies Irae melody used to represent death → led to influence many composers to do the same
- Use of actual church bells
