ess

Question 1

environmental value system

Answer 1

the way individuals view environmental issues

Question 2

ecocentric

Answer 2

believe that nature is the centre of the earth and that humans should not disturb natural growth

Question 3

anthropocentric

Answer 3

believe that humans are the managers of the earth, human have to manage the environmental system sustainably

Question 4

techno centric

Answer 4

believe that the earth has unlimited resources and that technology can fix all environmental issues

Question 5

System

Answer 5

a group of parts working together to form a whole

Question 6

model

Answer 6

simplified version of reality

Question 7

open system

Answer 7

exchanges energy and matter - eg. earth

Question 8

closed system

Answer 8

exchanges energy but not matter eg. biosphere 2

Question 9

isolated system

Answer 9

no exchanged - does not occur in nature e.g - closed container

Question 10

flows

Answer 10

Inputs and outputs within a system

Question 11

transfers

Answer 11

change in location

Question 12

transformation

Answer 12

change in state

Question 13

storages

Answer 13

remainder of inputs that stay within a system

Question 14

first law of thermodynamics

Answer 14

energy in a system is always conserved

Question 15

second law of thermodynamics

Answer 15

within a system entropy tends to increase spontaneously

Question 16

complexity/sustainability

Answer 16

the more complex a system the more sustainable e.g a rainforest vs a gram field - more complex = more biodiversity

Question 17

equilibrium

Answer 17

state of balance within a system

Question 18

steady state equilibrium

Answer 18

consistent change over time

Question 19

static state equilibrium

Answer 19

no changes overtime

Question 20

negative feedback

Answer 20

stabilises change within a system e.g sweat from he body

Question 21

positive feedback

Answer 21

amplifys change within a system e. contractions with birth (oxiytocin release)

Question 22

resilience

Answer 22

ability of a system to return to original state after disturbance

Question 23

tipping point

Answer 23

maximum threshold a system can handle

Question 24

sustainibility

Answer 24

ability for a system to maintain ecological processes

Question 25

natura capital

Answer 25

goods and services the natural environment provides for us (food resources +transportation (rivers))

Question 26

natural income

Answer 26

annual yield from services of natural capital (timber)

Question 27

EIAs

Answer 27

environmental impact assessment

- Assesment process of an area before new development/ examination of environmental impacts

Question 28

ecological footprint

Answer 28

model that determines sustainability of individuals, the lower EF the more sustainable

Question 29

pollutants

Answer 29

matter - liquid, solid, gas

Energy - Heat, light, sound

Question 30

primary pollutants

Answer 30

directly active pollutants (methane)

Question 31

secondary pollutants

Answer 31

formed from primary pollutants with chemical changes which become active (sulphuric acid)

Question 32

pollution

Answer 32

introduction of harmful substance into the environment

Question 33

point source pollution

Answer 33

pollution that can be identified from one source (smoke from a factory)

Question 34

non point source pollution

Answer 34

pollution that doesn’t have an identifiable source (gases from vehicles, chemicals spread)

Question 35

PoPs (non biodegradable)

Answer 35

pollutants that don’t break down in nature (DDTs

Question 36

biodegradable pollutants

Answer 36

pollutants that don’t break down quickly in nature (soap)

Question 37

acute pollutants

Answer 37

large amounts of pollution released in a small amount of time (oil spill)

Question 38

chronic pollutants

Answer 38

small amounts of pollutants related over long period of time (air pollution)

Question 39

pollution management

Answer 39

alteration of human activity
control of release
clean up damage

Question 40

direct monitoring of pollution

Answer 40

recording amount of pollution (soil, water, air)

Question 41

indirect monitoring of pollution

Answer 41

recording changes in biotic and abiotic factors from pollution )measuring oxygen in water)